LX'XVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 295 



13. Z. Kalapani, Clarke Comp Ind. 123 ; pubescent or hirsute, stem 

 simple or sparingly forked, radical leaves petioled elliptic-ovate or lanceolate 

 obtuse or acute subdentate, cauline oblong or ovate-oblong from an amplexicaul 

 dilated base, heads f-1 in. diam. few corymbose, invol. bracts few linear acute 

 hirsute green, achenes minute glabrous. 



KHASIA MTS. ; Kalapani river, alt. 4-5000 ft., J D. H. $ T^T., Clarke. 



Habit of an Aster, 12-18 in. high. Leaves, radical 2-3 in. long, narrowed into 

 the petiole, cauline 1-1^ in., erect or spreading. Invol. bracts spreading or recurved, 

 outer subfoliaceoiis ; ligules short, about ^ in. Achenes ^ in. long ; pappus scanty, 

 very short, | in., reddish. . 



SECT. III. Jg opthalxnus. Stemless. Heads sessile amongst the rosu- 

 late leaves. 



14. Z. rhizocephaloides, Clarke Comp. Ind. 124 ; leaves all radical 

 rosulate obovate-spathulate obtuse ciliate, heads f-1 in. diam. crowded sessile, 

 invol. bracts linear acute erect or tips recurved, achenes glabrous ribbed. 



WESTERN TIBET, Falconer; Dras, alt. 7-9000 ft., Thomson; Ladak, alt. 12-14,000 

 ft., Stoliczka. 



Whole plant 2-5 in. diam. Leaves horizontal, appressed to the ground, narrowed 

 into a broad petiole. Invol. bracts all similar ; ray-fls. very few with minute ligules 

 or tubular or 0. Achenes -^ in. ; pappus ^ in., red. This resembles closely the /. 

 rhizocephala, Schrank, but the invol. bracts are narrower, less rigid, and purple, and 

 the rays are very different. 



SECT. IV. Cappa. Shrubs. Heads small, corymbose or racemose ; invol. 

 bracts linear or subulate, outer gradually smaller. 



15. Z. Cappa, DC. Prodr. v. 469 ; shrubby, branches leaves beneath and 

 corymbs densely silkily villous or woolly, leaves sessile or shortly petioled 

 oblong or oblong-lanceolate acute toothed pubescent or glabrescent above, heads 

 very many | in diam., invol. bracts linear rigid acuminate pubescent, achenes 

 silky. Clarke Comp. Ind. 124. I. Pseudo-cappa and eriophora, DC. I. c. 469, 

 470. I. salviodora, Schultz-Bip. in Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. ii. 62. Conyza lanugi- 

 nosa, eriophora and argentea, Wall. Cat. 2922, 3013, 3014. 0. Cappa, Ham. in 

 Dm Prodr. 176. Duhaldea chinensis, DC. I. c. 366. 



TEMPERATE HIMALAYA; from Kumaon to Bhotan, alt. 4-6000 ft. (ascending to 

 10,000jn Kumaon, Sir. $ Wint.\ KHASIA MTS., alt. 4-5000 ft. PEGU and BIEMA. 

 DISTRIB. Java, China. 



Shrub 4-8 ft. high ; branches very stout. Leaves 3-6 by l-2 in., coriaceous, 

 acute or obtuse, base rounded or acute (in Sikkim leaves 9 by 2| in., gradually 

 acuminate at both ends), toothing variable. Heads very numerous ; invol. bracts 

 very variable in length, number and breadth, always narrow and linear or subulate ; 

 ligules few, very short or 0. Achenes ^ in. ; pappus in., dirty-white, hairs thickened 

 at the ends. 



16. Z. eupatorioides, DC. Prodr. v. 469; shrubby, branches stout and 

 leaves beneath and corymbs pubescent or subtomentose, leaves shortly petioled 

 elliptic-oblong or lanceolate acuminate coriaceous irregularly toothed scaberulous 

 above, heads numerous ^ in. diam. in terminal corymbs shortly peduncled, invol. 

 bracts subulate tomentose, achenes silky. Clarke Comp. Ind. 125. Conyza 

 eupatorioides, Wall. Cat. 2993. Amphiraphis heterotricha, DC. I. c. 343. 

 Conyza and Solidago heterotricha, Wall. Cat. 3225. 



EASTERN HIMALAYA; Sikkim, J. D. H. Bhotan, Griffith. KHASIA MTS., alt. 

 4-6000 ft. BIRMA, Griffith. MOTTLMEJN, Lobb. 



Very closely allied to /. cuspidata, but differing in the much stouter habit, shorter 

 stouter-petioled more rigid leaves with much-reticulated nervation beneath, narrower 



