<Jhrysogonum.~\ LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 303 



margins acute or winged ; pappus very short, obscure or 0. DISTEIB. Species 6, 

 1 American, 2 Indian, and 3 Australian. 



1. C. lieteropliyllum, Benth. in Gen. PI. ii. 350; leaves simple ovate 

 serrate or 3-lobed or pinnatifid or pinnate, segments ovate-lanceolate acutely 

 serrate or gashed, heads |- in. diam., ligules few small, achenes obtuse or 2-3- 

 horned at the tip. Clarke Comp. Ind. 182. Moonia heterophylla, Arnott Pugill. 

 31', DC. Prodr. vii. 289. 



NILGHEREY and PTJLNEY MTS., Wight. CEYLON; central province, alt. 6-7000 ft., 

 Moon, &c. 



Annual, glabrous or sparsely hairy, 1-3 ft. high, branched. Leaves usually glabrous 

 beneath, when simple f-3^ in., narrowed into the slender petiole, when compound 

 usually smaller. 



2. C. Arnottianum, Benth. in Gen. PL ii. 350; leaves 3-pinnatisect or 

 pinnatifid, segments or lobes lanceolate serrate, heads 1-1 in. diarn., ligules 

 many large. Clarke Comp. Ind. 132. Moonia Arnottiana, Wight Ic. t. 1105. 



NILGHERRY MTS., Wight. 



Thwaites, regarding this as a form of heterophyllum, refers the compound leaved 

 Ceylon specimens of that plant to it ; but I find no specimen of heterophyllu'ni with 

 such large heads, or with so many rays as Arnottianum has. Still the two are very 

 closely allied ; Clarke thinks them varieties, and I dare say they will prove so. 



51. XANTHXUXK, Linn. 



Annual, coarse rough herbs, unarmed or with 3-fid spines. Leaves alternate, 

 toothed or lobed. Heads monoecious ( $ and ^ ), axillary ; ^ in the upper axils, 

 globose, many-fld., sterile, tubular, 5-toothed; $ 2-fld., fertile, apetalous. 

 Involucre of head short ; bracts few, 1-2-seriate, narrow ; receptacle cylindric, 

 with hyaline pales enclosing the flowers; in vol. of $ heads with the bracts 

 united into an ovoid 2-beaked herbaceous utricle with 2 1-fld. cells, clothed with 

 hooked bristles and with sometimes a few small free outer bracts. Filaments 

 monadelphous ; anthers free, bases obtuse, tips mucronate inflexed. Style of 

 slender, undivided ; of <j> arms free, exserted from the involucre. Achenes en- 

 closed in the hardened involucre! cells, obovoid, thick; pappus 0. DISTRIB. 

 Species about 4, probably all of American origin. 



X. strumarium, Linn. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 251 ; unarmed, leaves 

 petioled scabrid triangular-cordate or orbicular lobed and toothed, base cuneate, 

 heads in terminal and axillary racemes, fruiting involucres ovoid or oblong, beaks 

 erect or diverging. Clarke Comp. Ind. 132. X. indicum, DC. in Wight Con- 

 trib. 17 ; Wall. Cat. 3181 ; Dalz. # Gibs. Bomb. FL 127 ; Roxb. FL Ind. iii. 601. 

 X. Roxburghii, discolor, and brevirostre, Wallroth; Walp. Rep. vi. 151. X. 

 orientale, Blume Bijd. 915. 



Throughout the hotter parts of INDIA and CEYXON, usually near houses ; ascending 

 the Western Himalaya to 5000 ft. 



52. SIEGES BECK.I A, Linn. 



Glandular-pubescent herbs. Leaves opposite, toothed. Heads in leafy 

 panicles, heterogamous, subradiate, yellow or white ; ray fl. $ , 1 -seriate, fertile, 

 tube short, limb 2-3-fid ; disk fl. $ , fertile, or the inner sterile, tubular, limb 

 campanulate and 5-fid, or narrow and 3-4-toothed. Involucre campauulate or 

 hemispheric ; bracts few, herbaceous, glandular, outer spathulate spreading, 

 inner enclosing the ray fl. ; receptacle small ; pales membranous, concave, often 

 enclosing the flowers. Anther-bases entire. Style-arms of short, flattened, 



