Sclerocarpus.] LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 305 



strata, Linn. E. prostrata, Roxb. Fl. 2nd. iii. 438. E. prostrata, undulata and 

 parviflora, Wall. Cat. 3209, 3210, 3213. 



Throughout INDIA. ; ascending to 6000 ft. in the Himalaya and other mountains. 

 DISTRIB. Cosmopolitan in warm climates. 



An erect or diffuse branched, slender weed. Leaves 1-4 in. long, very variable in 

 form and width. Heads j-j in. diam. 



55. SCX.EROCARPUS, Jacq. 



Strigose or villous herbs. Leaves alternate or opposite. Heads terminal or 

 in the forks, or leaf-opposed ; heteroga'mous, rayed, yellow ; ray-fl. neuter, 

 1-seriate, ligule spreading ; disk-fl. , fertile, tubular, limb 3-5-fid." Involucre 

 campanulate ; bracts few, 2-seriate, all or the tips herbaceous, outer spreading ; 

 receptacle convex or conic ; pales enfolding the base of the fl- ail( i finally 

 hardening round the achenes. Anther-bases subentire. Style-arms of $ elon- 

 gate, acute obtuse or subclavate. Achenes obovoid, subcompressed, glabrous, 

 narrowed below, enclosed in the rugose often beaked pales ; pappus or a ring. 

 DISTRTB. Species about 11, tropical American, Asiatic and African. 



1. S. africanus, Jacq. Ic. PL Rar. 17, t. 176; annual, erect, hispidly 

 hairy, leaves opposite petioled ovate acute serrate 3-5-nerved, heads peduncled 

 or sessile, achenes glabrous. DC. Prodr. v. 566 ; Dalz. fy Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 129 ; 

 Clarke Comp. Ind. 13 f. 



WESTERN HIMALAYA ; from Simla to Kumaon, Royle, &c., ascending to 5500 ft. in 

 fields. PUNJAB, Aitchison. BANDA, Edgeworth. The CONCAN ; Joneer and highest, 

 hills east of Bombay, Dalzell, &c. The CIRCARS, Gibson. DISTRIB. Tropical E. & W. 

 Africa. 



An erect herb, 1-2 ft. ; branches stiff, terete, opposite. Leaves l|-3 in., narrowed 

 into the petiole. Heads ^-^ in diam. Pales enclosing the curved, gibbous, ribbed 

 achenes. 



56. BX.AXNVIX.XiEA, Cass. 



Scabrid or villous herbs. Leaves opposite, or the upper alternate, petioled, 

 toothed. Heads small, subsessile or peduncled, terminal or axillary, hetero- 

 gamous, radiate or subdisciform, yellow ; ray-fl. $ , 1-2-seriate, fertile ; ligulea 

 small 2-3-toothed or ; disk-fl. > , fertile, tubular, limb dilated 5-fid. Involucre 

 broadly ovoid or subglobose ; bracts few, outer herbaceous, inner passing into 

 the rigidly membranous concave or folded scales of the small convex receptacle. 

 Anther -bases obtuse, entire. Style-arms of narrow, flattened, with acute or 

 subobtuse appendages. Achenes truncate, of ray 3-quetrous or dorsally com- 

 pressed, of the disk 3-4-angled or laterally compressed; pappus of 2-5 

 unequal bristles, connate at the base. DISTRIB. Species about 10, all tropical. 



1. B. latifolia, DC. in Wight. Contrih. 17; Prodr. v. 492; annual, 

 hispidly hairy, leaves opposite or upper alternate petioled ovate crenate-serrate 

 3-nerved, heads peduncled, invol. bracts oblong obtuse rigid, achenes of the ray 

 cuneiform triquetrous curved. Dalz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 127 ; Clarke Comp. 

 Ind. 135. B. rhomboidea, Cass. ; DC. 1. c B. alba and hispida, Edaew. in 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 70. Eclipta latifolia, Linn. f. Verbesina dichotoma, 

 Wall. Cat. 3204, A. in part, B. C. D. E. V. Lavenia, Eoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 442. 



WESTERN INDIA ; from the upper Gangetic p!ain westwards, ascending to 5000 ft. 

 in Kumaon in fields. BANDA. Edgeworth. The DECCAN and CKYLON. DISTRIB. 

 Tropical Asia, Africa, America and Australia. 



A weed, 1-2 ft., rigid ; branches terete, lower opposite, upper alternate. Leaves 

 2-4 in. long, base cuneate. Heads g in. diam. ; ligules yellow or whitish. 



VOL. in. x 



