334 LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) \_Gynura. 



3. G. lycopersicifolia, DC. Prodr. vi. 300; glabrom liguitory-p 

 cent, stem simple erect, leaves irregularly deeply laciniately plaria arnio^ lyrate, 

 base auricled, lobes or segments very various obtuse or acute entire or toothed, 

 invol. bracts glabrous, achenes deeply furrowed hispid. Clarke Comp. Ind. 172. 

 Cacalia laciniata, Wall. Cat. 3153. C. pinnatifida, Pars. ; Herb. Wight. 



SOUTHERN MAisoR ; Dindygul hills and Courtallam, Heyne, Wight. CEYLON, 

 abundant up to 5000 ft., Walker, Thwaites, &c. 



Stem 6 in. to 2 ft., erect. Leaves 3-5 in. ; terminal lobe ovate-oblong or subcor- 

 date, or narrow and lobed ; lateral spreading, sometimes reduced to auricles on the 

 rachis or petiole, at others 1-2 in. long and spreading, sometimes hoary with white 

 hispid pubescence ; basal auricles large, small or 0. Heads ^- in. long, usually rather 

 numerous and panicled, T have seen no specimen of Clarke's var. ft Andersoni from 

 Upper Birma, which is beyond British India. 



4. G. ang-ulosa, DC. Prodr. vi. 298 ; robust, quite glabrous, corymbosely 

 branched, leaves large sessile obovate oblanceolate or oblong acuminate irregu- 

 larly toothed, base contracted simple or auricled, upper oblong sessile with broad 

 auricled bases, heads many large, peduncles invol. bracts and achenes quite 

 glabrous or papillose between the ribs. Clarke Comp. Ind. 170. G. simplex, 

 Dalz. $ Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 130. Cacalia angulosa, Wall. Cat. 3152. C. Cusimbua, 

 Don Prodr. 179. Kleinia Cusimbua, Less, in Linncea, 1831, 133. Porophyllum 

 Cusimbua, DC. I. c. v. 650. 



TEMPERATE HIMALAYA; from Garwhal to Mishmi, alt. 4-7000 ft. KHASIA MTS., 

 alt. 4-6000 ft. Hills of the CONCAN and DECCAN ; Jooner and Belgaum jungles, Stocks, 

 Ritchie. MARTABAN ; hills near Moulmein, Parish. 



Stem 3-10 ft. and upwards, as thick as the little finger below. Leaves 6-12 in., 

 the basal sometimes 2 ft. long. Heads -1 in. long. Don describes the leaves as 

 pubescent beneath, Lessing as glabrous, which they are in all specimens I have seen 

 except in a young and a doubtful specimen from Mishmi (Griffith), in which they are 

 puberulous on both surfaces ; but as Griffith notes his plant to be subscandent, it may 

 be a different species. The Sikkim people have a native name for this plant much re- 

 sembling that which Don gives it of Cusimbua, and I have no hesitation in referring 

 his plant to angulosa. In the Bombay Mora G. simplex is described as having a tall 

 erect unbranched stem, but the specimens from the Concan are branched corymbosely 

 above, as in the Nipal state. 



VAR. petiolata ; leaves elliptic-lanceolate less toothed distinctly petioled. Sikkim 

 and Khasia Mts. 



5. G. Pseudo-china, DC. Prodr. vi. 299; glabrous or pubescent, stern 

 very short, leaves all subradical obovate narrowed into the petiole sinuate- or 

 subpinnatifidly lobed, scapes long nearly leafless, heads few, invol. bracts and 

 achenes glabrous or sparsely villous. G. sinuata, DC. I. c. 301 ; Clarke Comp. 

 Ind. 173 ; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, ii. 194. G. nudicaulis, Arn. Pugill. 

 33; DC. I.e. 301. Cacalia bicolor /3, Wall. Cat. 3148. 0. sagittaria, Heyne in 

 Wall. Cat. 3159. C. bulbosa, Lour. Fl. Coch. 485. DM. Hort. Elth. 345, 

 t. 258. 



MADRAS PRESIDENCY (Dillenius) ; Courtallam, Wight. SIKKIM HIMALAYA, alt. 

 2-4000 ft., J. D. H., Clarke. PEGU and MARTABAN, Kurz. CEYLON; at Galagama, 

 alt. 3000 ft., Thwaites. DISTRIB. Java, China? 



Root tuberous; stem very short. Leaves 2-7 in. long, very variable in form. 

 Heads i-f in, long. This I think must be the " Pseudo- china " of Dillenius, of which 

 that author gives an excellent figure from a plant cultivated in his garden at Eltham. 

 and which he states was a native of the Madras Presidency. It may well be doubted 

 if this is anything more than a state of a common Eastern plant represented by G 

 angulosa in the Himalaya, and nitida in the Deccan. Kurz remarks of it that when 

 young it looks scapigerous and has smaller and simpler leaves, but that as the tuberous 

 roots enlarge it grows more robust and large, and branches from the base, with leaves 



