Gynura.] LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 335 



7 in. long. G. nudicaulis is a very small state of the plant. For remarks on the 

 Pseudo-china of authors, see end of the genus under G. hieracioides. 



VAR. hispida, Thwaites Enum. 166 ; hispidly pubescent, stem simple or sparingly 

 branched leafy below, leaves obovate-lanceolate sinuate-toothed lower narrowed into a 

 petiole, invol. bracts sparsely villous or glabrate, achenes glabrous. G. hispida, 

 Thwaites Enum. 166; Clarke Comp. 2nd. 172. Ceylon; central province, on damp 

 rocks, alt. 5-7000 ft., Thwaites. Stem 1-3 ft. Leaves 2-6 by f-1^ in.; heads 3-6, 

 long-peduncled ; bracteoles many ; flowers orange-yellow. The only specimen I have 

 seen is very poor, and adds nothing to the character given by Thwaites, who observes 

 that it is very closely allied to G. aurantiaca, and that it is perhaps a form of G. 

 sinuata (that is, of Pseudo-china). 



6. Cr. bicolor, DC. Prodr. vi. 299; glabrous, erect, stem branched, leaves 

 obovate or oblanceolate narrowed into a winged petiole toothed or runcinately 

 pinnatifid; lobes or teeth acute, cauline sessile deeply auricled, heads many, base 

 very narrow, peduncles with scattered filiform bracteoles, invol. bracts quite 

 glabrous, achenes (immature) glabrous. Cacalia bicolor, JRoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 412 ; 

 Sulisb. Hort. Pamd. t. 25 ; Sot. Reg. t. 110. 



MALACCA, Griffith. DISTRIB. Moluccas. 



Apparently shrubby at the base, 1-2 ft. high, rather slender, with a few scattered 

 hairs at the base of the leaves and stem. Leaves 2-4 in. long, bases not auricled, 

 teeth or lobes always recurved, entire or sparingly toothed. Heads f in. long ; base 

 of involucre very narrow. I have seen no authentic specinlen of G. bicolor. 



* Stem climbing. 



7. Cr. sarmentosa, DC. Prodr. vi. 298 ; glabrous except the puberulous 

 peduncles, climbing, leaves petioled or the uppermost sessile ovate elliptic or 

 lanceolate acute or acuminate subentire or sinuate-toothed, heads narrow, invol. 

 bracts glabrous, achenes glabrous. G. Finlaysoniana, DC. I. c. 299; Deless. Ic. 

 Sel. iv. t. 55. Cacalia cylindriflora, reclinata and Finlaysoniana, Wall. Cat. 

 3150, 3151, 3162. Sonchus volubilis, Humph. Herb. Amb. v. t. 103, f. 2. 



MALACCA and PBNANG, Wallich, &c. DISTRIB. Siam, Java, Philippine Islands. 



Stem and branches loosely twining, petioles and pedicels slender. Leaves l- 

 in. ; nerves obscure. Heads panicled ; bracteoles few, small ; invol. bracts ^ in. a 

 under. Achenes in., ribs very close and slender. 



DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES. 



G. AUBICTJLATA, Cass. Opusc. Phyt. \\\. 100 ; DC. Prodr. vi. 300. (Cacalia hieracioides) 

 Eoxb. Hort. Beng. 61 ; Wall. Cat. 3154. Gynura Pseudo-china, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 299, 

 not of DC., nor of Benth. FL Austral. G. auriculata and glabrata, Clarke Comp. Ind. 

 172). This is a Chinese plant, cultivated in Calcutta and the Mauritius Bot. Gardens, 

 distinguishable (at once in the glabrous forms and after maceration in the pubescent 

 ones) from all Indian species by the fine elongated reticulation of the nerves of the 

 leaf. Whether it is Willdenow's Cacalia hieracioides is doubtful. Of Clarke's G. 

 auriculata, ft puberula, and 7 villosa I know nothing. 



G. PUBPUBASCENS, DC. Prodr. vi. 299 ; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 56 (Cacalia purpuras- 

 cens, Wall. Cat. 3157) ; this is founded on a plant cultivated in the Calcutta Gardens, 

 and said to have been introduced from Nipal ; it is not, however, in Wallich's Herba- 

 rium, and is, judging from the description, probably G. bicolor. 



77. EMILIA. Ca-ss. 



Annual or perennial herbs, often glaucous, glabrous or hairy. Leaves, radical 

 crowded, petioled, entire toothed or lyrate-pinnatifid ; cauline few, stem-clasping. 

 Heads long-peduncled, solitary or loosely corymbose, without bracteoles at the 

 base, homogamous, discoid, yellow or red ; fl. all , fertile, tubular, limb elon- 

 gate 5-toothed. Involucre cylindric ; bracts 1-seriate, equal, free or cohering 



