350 LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Senecio. 



lieads many-fld. subsecund in a solitary terminal simple raceme pendulous, base 

 narrow, invol. bracts oblong acute free to the base, ligules several very long, 

 achenes narrow longer than the reddish pappus. S. sibiricus, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 

 vi. 238 ; Clarke Comp. Ind. 206, not of Linn. S. racemosus, Wall Cat. 3140. 

 Ligularia sibirica, Cass. in DC. Prodr. vi. 315. L. racemosa, DC. I.e. 314. 



TEMPERATE and SOBALPINE HIMALAYA ; from Kashmir to Sikkim, alt. 9-12,000 ft. 

 DISTRIB. Siberia, Dahuria, Japan. 



Very variable ; stem sometimes as thick as the thumb, usually less. Leaves 1 ft. 

 diam. and under, lateral lobes produced outwards and subtriangular or rounded off, 

 basal sinus shallow or deep. Heads numerous, bracteolate or not; bracts at the 

 bases of the peduncles small or large and leafy; invol. bracts 8-10, outer narrow 

 acute, inner broad with broad overlapped membranous margins ; ligules f-f in., tube 

 of disk-fl. equalling the campanulate limb. Achenes in. long. Described by 

 Ledebour as very variable, the heads being sometimes small with very few flowers in 

 Siberian specimens. I have adopted the subgeneric name for this species, it being 

 the most widely distributed of the old genus Ligtdaria. 



VAR. Atkinsoni ; heads smaller, bracts at the base of the peduncles filiform, 

 ligules very short, pappus dirty-white. S. Atkinsoni, Clarke Comp. Ind. 207. 

 Sikkim, at Yakla, alt. 12,000 ft., Clarke. The specimen of this is a very poor one. 



40. S. Jacquemontianus, Benth. in Gen. PI. ii. 449 ; glabrous, 

 robust, leaves broadly ovate-cordate or subhastate obtuse toothed sinus open, 

 petiole of lower stout winged, of cauline sheathing, heads numerous peduncled 

 in a conical raceme broadly campanulate, invol. bracts 8-12 oblong acute bases 

 subconnate, ligules many long and broad, achenes linear-oblong, pappus very 

 short coroniform. Clarke Comp. Ind. 208. Senecillis Jacquemontiana, Dene, 

 in Jacq. Voy. Bot. 90, t. 98. 



WESTERN HIMALAYA ; Kashmir, alt. 10-13,000 ft., Falconer, Jacquemont. 



Stem stout, 3-5 ft. Leaves 1 ft. broad and under, tip acute or rounded ; petiole 

 5-15 in., wing narrow or broad and gashed or toothed. Racemes 4-8 in., elongating 

 in fruit; heads not secund ; peduncles curved, l-2 in., lower with oblong leafy bracts 

 at the base ; bracteoles under the heads few, filiform ; heads 1^-2 in. across the 

 ligules; invol. bracts ^ in. glabrous; ligules 12-15, -f in. long, 5-9-nerved, tip 

 entire or toothed ; tube of disk-corollas shorter than the limb. Achenes ^ in. long, 

 deeply grooved ; pappus-hairs ^ in., unequal, united at the base. 



41. S. retusus, Watt. Cat. 3142; stem short glabrous puberulous above, 

 leaves reniform or nearly orbicular toothed, petiole of lower stout not winged, 

 middle cauline with a broad sheath uppermost cauline small oblong-lanceolate 

 sessile, heads solitary or 2-8 in a simple terminal raceme many-fld. nodding 

 base broad usually ebracteolate, invol. bracts 10-12 oblong acute or obtuse, 

 ligules many short broad 3-toothed, achenes linear smooth shorter than the 

 whitish pappus. Clarke Comp. Ind. 206. Ligularia retusa,Z)C. Prodr. vi. 314. 



CENTRAL and EASTERN HIMALAYA; Nipal, Wallich; Sikkim, alt. 12-15,000 ft., 

 J. D. H., &c. 



Stem 12-18 in., stout or slender. Leaves 8 in. diam. and under, tip rounded or 

 retuse, sinus deep or shallow, middle cauline sometimes ovate- cordate. Heads broad 

 and short, 1 in. diam. ; tube of corolla of disk-fl. very short. Achenes 5- in. ; pappus 

 rather scanty, fugaceous. 



42. S. calthsefolius, Hook. f. ; slender, glabrous, leaves reniform or 

 broadly ovate-cordate toothed, sinus deep, petiole of lower very slender not 

 winged of middle cauline with a narrow sheath, uppermost cauline small sessile 

 oblong-lanceolate, heads solitary or 2-5 in simple terminal racemes many-fld. 

 base broad, invol. bracts 8-10 oblong obtuse bases connate, ligules many slender, 

 a,chenes unripe smooth shorter than the reddish pappus. 



