Centaurea.] LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 385 



2. C. depressa, M. Bi?b. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. G35 ; annual, appressed- 

 tomentose or hoary, stem simple or branched, lower leaves petioled entire or 

 pinuatifid, cauline linear-lanceolate, heads ovoid, invol. bracts glabrous margins 

 scarious white or brown toothed, teeth lanceolate white, ray-flowers large 

 spreading blue, achenes shining pubarulous equalling or shorter than the middle 

 row of pappus-hairs, basal areole bearded. DC. Prodr. vi. 578 ; Clarke Comp. 

 Ind. 243. 



NORTH WEST INDIA, Ttoyle. WESTERN- TIBET, ; Ladak, Stoliczka, sporadic. 

 DISTRIB. Affghanistan and westward to Asia Minor. 

 Heads larger than C. Cyanus, and leaves broader. 



3. C. melitensis, Linn. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 68G; pubescent tonientose 

 or glabrate, erect, branches strict rigid narrowly winged, radical leaves lyrate- 

 pinnatifid cauline linear decurrent, heads small ovoid, invol. bracts ending in a 

 spreading and recurved spine margins spinulose, flowers yellow, achenes minute 

 puberulous produced below the basal areole. DC. Prodr. vi. 593 ; Clarke Comp. 



1)1(1.24:3. 



NILGHERRY Mrs. ; alt. 6-7000 ft., sporadic. DISTRIB. Westwards to the Atlantic. 



4. C. Calcitrapa, Linn. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. G89 ; branches angular 

 spreading froni the base, leaves spreading pubescent radical pinnatifid or pinnate, 

 lobes linear toothed cauline sessile uppermost entire, heads ovoid lateral and 

 terminal sessite or peduncled, invol. bracts with narrow membranous margins 

 terminating in a long strong spreading spine with short lateral ones at its base, 

 flowers purple, achenes small white, pappus 0. DC. Prodr. vi. 597 ; Clarke 

 Comp. Ind. 243. 



NORTH WESTERN INDIA ; the Punjab and Kashmir, ascending to 3500 ft. MYSORE ; 

 sporadic. DISTRIB. Western Asia and Europe, introduced in most parts of the 

 world. 



Cottony or glabrous, rigid. Branches 1-2 ft. long. Heads i- in. diam. exclusive 

 of the yellow spines. Achenes mottled. 



5. C. iberica, Stev. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. G90 ; characters of C. Calci- 

 trapa, but heads smaller, flowers paler and achenes with a very short pappus. 



KASHMIR, alt. 5-6000 ft., Thomson. DISTRIB. Westward to the Atlantic. 



G. C. phyllocephala, Boiss. Fl. Orient,, iii. G84; glabrous or hispid, 

 branches wide-spreading cylindric white, leaves small sessile lower lanceolate 

 entire or pinnatifid margins spinulose-toothed and scabrid, cauline with am- 

 plexicaul cordate bases, heads small terminal, outer invol. bracts ending in oblong 

 pectinately ciliate leaves, inner entire white ending in a long strong spine, 

 innermost acuminate, achenes minute longer than the paleaceous pappus. 

 Clarke Comp. Ind. 244. Tetramorphcea Bruguiseriana and Belangeriana, DC. 

 Prodr. vi. 609. 



The PUNJAB, Falconer; Peshawur, Stewart. DISTRIB. Westwards to Asia Minor. 



A very pretty species, easily recognised by the white terete branches and green 

 outer invol. bracts. 



9G. CARTHABXUS, Linn. 



Thistle-like herbs. Leaves alternate, rigid, spinescent. Heads usually homc- 

 gamous; fl. all $, fertile (rarely a few marginal $ or neuter) and similar, 

 yellow white or purplish, tube slender; limb oblong, dilated at the base, 5-cleft 

 (or in $ fl.). Involucre ovoid or subglobose ; bracts GO -senate, inner dry 

 entire or with a short fimbriate appendage, outer with a foliaceous toothed or 

 spinescent appendage (sometimes absent in cultivated specimens) ; receptacle 

 flat, densely bristly. Filaments usually hairy in the middle ; anther-bases sagit- 



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