Hypocliceris.'] LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 401 



pressed, unchanged after flowering, outer smaller ; receptacle flat, pales narrow, 

 usually hyaline. Achenes linear or oblong, terete or compressed, 10-ribbed, ribs 

 scabrous or ciliolate, beaked or not ; pappus of 1 series of feathery hairs with a 

 few shorter simple outer or alternating ones. DISTRIB. Species about 3, tem- 

 perate and mountain plants of Northern regions, 2 widely diffused through 

 cultivation. 



II. GLABRA, Linn. : Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 783 ; annual, radical leaves sub- 

 sessile obovate or elongate spathulate sinuate-toothed glabrous or scabrous, 

 flowering steins many stout simple or branched grooved, peduncles bracteolate 

 thickened at the top, heads in. long, invol. bracts equalling the ligules erect 

 obtuse or acute, outer achenes truncate inner with a long slender beak. DC. 

 Prodr. vii. 90 ; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 47 ; Clarke Comp. 2nd. 258. 



NILGHERRY MTS., alt. 7-8000 ft., introduced. DISTRIB. Europe. 



Leaves 2-4 in., rarely pinnatifid. Flowering stems 6-12 in., naked or 1-2-bracteo- 

 late ', invol. bracts few, unequal. Achenes, outer in., shorter than the pappus ; inner 

 5 in., beak longer than the body, very slender; pappus as long, scanty. 



112. TARAXACUM, Hall. 



Scapigerous milky herbs. Leaves radical, entire sinuate- or runcinate-pinna- 

 tifid. Heads solitary on leafless scapes, yellow, homogamous ; fl. all ligulate. 

 Involucre campauulate or oblong ; bracts herbaceous, innermost 1-seriate, erect, 

 subequal, sometimes connate below, unchanged after flowering ; outer shorter, 

 oo -seriate, often recurved ; receptacle flat, naked. Achenes oblong obovoid or 

 narrow, 4-5-angled, or the outer dorsally compressed, beaked, glabrous, 10-ribbed,. 

 ribs often muricate or echinate above, beak often very long and slender ; pappus 

 copious, hairs simple, slender, unequal. DISTRIB. Species about 6, temperate 

 and cold regions. 



1. T. officinale, Wiyg. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 787 ; glabrous, or crown 

 and scape woolly, root vertical, leaves sessile oblanceolate or linear entire toothed 

 pinnatifid or runcmate, lobes acute more or less denticulate, heads solitary, inner 

 invol. bracts linear often thickened or clawed at the tip, outer ovate or linear 

 appressed or the outer reflexed, achenes narrowly obovoid ribbed, ribs muricate 

 or echiuate above the middle suddenly contracted into a very slender beak equal- 

 ling or exceeding the body. Clarke Comp. Ind. 258. 



Throughout the HIMALAYA and WESTERN TIBET, from 1-18,000 ft. MISHMI MTS,, 

 Griffith. DISTRIB. Temperate and cold regions of the N. and S. hemisphere. 



One of the most variable of the order. The following are the principal Himalayan 

 forms ; I am unable to distinguish them in all their states. It is remarkable that this 

 common Himalayan plant should not be found in the Khasia or Nilgherry mountains, 

 even as a garden escapp. 



VA.R. typica ; leaves deeply runcinate, outer invol. bracts reflexed. Reichb. Ic. Fl. 

 Germ. t. 1404. Ascends to 12,000 ft. 



VAR. qlaucescem ; leaves glaucous runcinate, outer invol. bracts reflexed. T. "Wal- 

 lichii, DC. Prodr. vii. 147. Leontodon glaucescens, M. Bieb. ; Wall Cat. 3246. 



VAR. eriapoda ; crown densely woolly at the bases of the scape and leaves, leaves 

 runcinate, outer invol. bracts usually reflexed. T. eriopodum, DC. Prodr. vii. 147. 

 Leontodon eriopodum, Don in Mem. 'Wern. Soc. iii. 413 ; Prodr. 163 ; Wall. Cat. 3245. 

 L. eriopus, Sprcng. Syst. iii. 658. 



V&B. petrvttla; dwarf, leaves narrow runcinate or entire sometimes linear, invol. 

 bracts with broad or narrow white membranous margins, beak sometimes shorter than 

 the body of the achene. Leontodon parvulum, Wall. Cat. 3247. Throughout the 

 Himalaya from 10-18,000 ft. This includes the forms Uvidum, salinum, and lepto- 

 cephalum figured in Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 1406. 



VOL. III. D D 



