402 LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Taraxacum. 



2. T. Wattii, Hook. f. ; crown woolly, leaves rimcinate-pinnatifid gla- 

 brous, scapes numerous pubescent above, beads broadly campanulate glabrous, 

 outer invol. bracts few suberect or recurved, achenes wbite compressed acutely 

 ribbed, ribs sparingly echinate, beak stout shorter than the body, base conical. 



WESTERN HIMALAYA; Pangi, at Silundi, alt. 13,000 ft, Watt. 



Habit of a large specimen of T. officinale. Heads broad, 1 An. diain. without tlie 

 ligules. Invol. bracts black when dry, inner ~ in. long, hardly clawed at the tip. 

 Achenes not quite ripe, | in. long, silvery white; pappus | in. I have seen but one 

 specimen of this remarkable species. 



113. CKONDRZZ.Z.A, Linn. 



Perennial herbs. Stem usually branched from the base ; branches slender, 

 cylindric, rigid or virgate. Leaves, radical piunatifid, cauline often entire. 

 Heads terminal, homogamous ; fl. all ligulate, yellow. Involucre cylindric ; 

 bracts GO -seriate, outer usually very small, inner linear ; receptacle flat, naked. 

 Achenes oblong, subterete, many-ribbed, toothed, or with a toothed ring below 

 the beak, beak long and slender or short and stout ; pappus hairs very slender, 

 white, many-seriate, persistent or deciduous separately, DISTKIB. Species about 

 15, European and Oriental. 



1. C. g-raminea, M. JSieb.-, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. ii. 809; Ic. t. 177; quite 

 glabrous, branches many from the base very slender, cauline leaves filiform, 

 heads in. about 8-fld. hoary, invol. cylindric, outer bracts minute, inner narrow 

 with white membranous margins, achenes slender obscurely toothed or quite 

 smooth below the very slender beak which about equals the body. DC. Prodr. 

 vii. 142. 



WESTERN TIBET; Karakoram mts., alt. 8-11,000 ft., Clarke. DISTRIB. Siberia. 



Stems 2-3 ft. from a woody stock, dichotomoiisly branched. Leaves, radical not 

 seen, cauline 2-3 by ~ in., flexuous, quite entire. Heads subcorymbose, peduncled. 

 Achenes in. long, ribbed, sometimes quite smooth where contracted into the beak ; 

 pappus as long as the achenes, persistent, silvery. 



VAR. kashmiriana ; leaves rather broader. S. Kashmir at Hamoo, alt. 6000 ft., 

 Clarke. 



2. C. setulosa, Clarke mss. ; quite glabrous, much branched from the 

 base, branches very slender, cauline leaves linear very narrow, margins naked 

 with here and there a minute spine, heads ^ in. about 8-fld. hoary, involucre 

 cylindric, outer bracts minute, inner narrow with a stout spinulose midrib 

 thickening in fruit, achenes slender strongly toothed below the very slender beak 

 which about equals the body. 



BALTISTAN ; at Shigar, alt. 8000 ft., Clarke. 



Habit of C. graminca, differing in the spinules on the midrib of the invol. bracts, 

 and the muricate and toothed achenes. 



DOUBTFUL SPECIES. 



C. SP. ?; much dichotomously branched, branches stout, leaves 1-2 in. linear- 

 oblong obtuse obscurely denticulate, heads ^ in., base corky in fruit, invol. bracts 

 with a thickened midrib which is here and "there spinous. Western Tibet, Shayuk 

 valley, alt. 8-10,000 ft., Thomson. This may be a var. of C. setulosa, but there are 

 no ripe achenes; it also closely resembles C.juncea, L. 



114. IiACTUCA, Linn. 



Glabrous or hispid milky herbs. Leaves radical and alternate, entire toothed 

 pinnatifid or pinnate, cauline often stem-clasping and auricled. Heads sessile or 

 peduncled, panicled corymbose racemose or subspicate, homogamous, yellow 

 purple or blue; fl. all ligulate. Involucre usually narrow; bracts few- (rarely 

 many-) seriate, thinly herbaceous, margins often membranous, fruiting unchanged 



