Launcea.] LXXVIII. COMPOSITE:. (J. D. Hooker.) 417 



vii. 181 ; Wight. III. t. 133 ; Clarke Comp. Ind. 277. Preuanthes sarmentosa, 

 Willd. Sp. PI. iii. 1540 ; Wall. Cat. 3202, A. B. C. Lactuca sarmeutosa, DC. 

 in Wight Contrib. 27. 



Sandy coasts of INDIA ; from Bengal to Ceylon. Ponaug, Madras and Malabar. 

 DISTRIB. Mauritius, Egypt, E. African coast. 



Leaves 1-3 in., rarely more, teeth rarely white and cirtilaginous (as in. L. nudl- 

 ranlis). Flowering stems slender, 1-3 ft. long, arching from node to node. Invol. 

 bracts almost 3 -seriate, as in L. nudicaulis. Achenes ~ in , pale, thick with few very 

 thick rounded ribs, -usually obtusely 4-gonous ; pappus % in., deciduous, hairs verj 

 slender, white and of nearly equal length. 



** Achenes winged ; in vol. bracts 3-seriate, outer very broad, all with 

 broad membranous margins. (LoiiATOLEns, Cass.) 



7. Xi. glomerata, Cassim in Diet. Sc. Nat. xlviii. 422 (Lomatolepis) ; 

 glabrous, leaves sessile sinuate-lobed pinnatin'd or runcinate, lobes usually short 

 rounded toothed, teeth cartilaginous white, flowering - branches spreading 

 -sparingly dichotomously branched, heads - in. campanulate clustered at the 

 ends of the branches, invol. bracts with very broad membranous margins outer 

 large broadly ovate, inner oblong, base hardened in fruit, achenes corky thickly 

 ribbed outer 2-winged inner columnar shorter than the soft straight white 

 pappus. Lomatolepis glomerata, Cass. ; DC. Prodr. vii. 180. Microrhynchus 

 glomeratus, Jaub. fy Spach III. PL Orient, iii. t. 275. Zollikoferia glomerata, 

 jBoiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 820. Sonchus capitatus, Spr. Syst. Voy. iii. 050. 



The PUNJAB; Stewart. SCINDE ; Stocks. DISTKIIS. Persia, Arabia, Egypt, Algiers. 



Perennial? Leaves 3-5 by 1-1^ in., lobes or pinnules numerous, close set. 

 Flowering, branches stout, strict, usually not exceeding the leaves, naked. Head* 

 broader than in other Indian species, with broader 3-seriate more obtuse iuvol. bracts, 

 -and more numerous flowers; peduncles short, bracteolate. Achencs in., pile yellow; 

 outer slightly curved, linear-oblong, emarginate at both ends, wings each as broad 

 or broader than the. nucleus, which is ventrally and dorsally o-6-ribbed, wings and 

 ribs minutely crenulate ; inner achenes often narrower and imperfect ; pappus \ in. 

 long, deciduous, hairs subequal with no inner stronger ones. 



119. TRAGOPOGON, Linn. 



Biennial or perennial milky-juiced herbs. Leaves alternate, stem-clasping, 

 narrow, quite entire. Heads terminal; long-ped uncled, large, homogamous, 

 yellow blue or purple ; fl. all ligulate. Involucre cylinclric or narrowly cam- 

 panulate ; bracts 1-seriate longer or shorter than the flowers, herbaceous, acu- 

 minate, bases sometimes connate, outer ; receptacle flat or convex, pitted, 

 margins of the pits often cartilaginous. Achcnw slender, terete, 5-angled, 

 5-10-ribbed, ribs smooth or muricate, basal areole broad concave, inner usually 

 with a slender beak ; pappus hairs numerous, 1-seriate, feathery, connate into a 

 basal ring, 5-10 longer than the rest with simple (not feathery) tips, those of 

 the outer achenes often fewer, subpaleaceous, free at the base, simple or feathery 

 lielow, DISTRIB. Species about 20, Europe', N. Africa, temp, and subtrop. 

 Asia. 



1. T. gracile, Don in Mem. Wern. Soc. iii. 407 ; Prodr, 102 ; quite 

 glabrous, leaves very narrow linear keeled flexuous, radical often equalling the 

 scape, invol. bracts 5-8 shorter than the yellow ligules, achenes in. smooth 

 beak not conspicuous. T. junceum, Wall. Cat. 3257; DC. Prodr. vii. 115; 

 ClarUe Comp. Ind. 278. 



CENTRAL andWfisiBiN HIMALAYA; from Htzara to Nipal, alt. 6 10,000 ft , as- 

 cending to 13,000 ft. in Piti and Kunawur. . 



TOL. III. E t' 



