Polemonium.~\ xcvin. POLEMONIACE^. (C. B. Clarke.) 133 



OKDER XCVIII. POLE1VIONIACEJE. (By C. B. Clarke.) 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves exstipulate. Flowers showy, regular, her- 

 maphrodite, 5-merous. Calyx inferior. Corolla gamopetalous, lobes twisted to 

 the right. Stamens 5, on the corolla-tube, alternate with its lobes. Ovary 

 superior, 3-celled ; style simple, shortly 3-fid ; ovules very many. Capsule 

 septicidal, 3-valved. Seeds many, albuminous ; embryo straight. Species 150; 

 in America, a very few in N. Asia and Europe. 



1. FOX.EIKONXUIK, Linn. 



Perennial herbs. Leaves alternate, pinnate. Cymes terminal, corymbose. 

 Flowei-s blue. Calyx campanulate, lobed half-way down, scarcely ribbed. 

 Corolla funnel-shaped, lobes patent obovate. Stamens attached near the base 

 of the corolla ; filaments dedicate, hairy, appendaged at the base. Ovary and 

 capsule ovoid. Seeds not or obscurely winged ; testa, when wetted, becoming 

 mucilaginous and breaking up elastically into spiral threads. Species 8 ; from 

 Europe, N. and Central Asia, N. America to Mexico and Chili. 



P. coeruleum, Linn. ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. ix. 317 ; stem erect leafy, 

 leaflets lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, flowers many corymbose, calyx-lobes 

 ovate or lanceolate-oblong scarcely acute, corolla 2-3-tirues longer than the 

 calyx. Gaertn. Fruct. i. 299, t. 62 ; Lamk. III. t. 106 ; Wall. Cat. 1471 ; Syme 

 Engl. Sot. iii. t. 922 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iv. 83. 



ALPINE WESTERN HIMALAYA, alt. 9-12,000 ft. ; from Kashmir to Kumaon, frequent. 

 DISTRIB. Europe, N. and Central Asia, N. America. 



Stems 1-4 ft., viscous hairy or glabrescent. Leaves 5 by 3 in., leaflets 1 by ^ in. 

 Flowers often clustered ; corolla 1 in. diam. or more, a fine blue. Capsule I in., 

 ellipsoid, much overtopped by the persistent calyx. Seeds ~ in., oblong- ellipsoid, 

 smooth, not winged (in the Indian plant). The Himalayan, like the European plant, 

 is talj with narrow leaflets. 



ORDER XCIX. HYDROFHYLLACEJE. (By C. B. Clarke.) 



Differ from Gentianacece by the alternate leaves and imbricate corolla-lobes. 



The single Indian genus, forming by itself the tribe Hydrolea, is easily known 

 from Gentianacea by its 2 styles distinct from the base with capitate stigmas. Species 

 150, mainly American, 3 or 4 only in the Old World. 



1. HYDROLEA, Linn. 







Herbs. Leaves alternate, entire. Flowers blue, in short terminal racemes 

 or cymes, regular, 5-merous. Calyx divided nearly to the base, segments lan- 

 ceolate. Corolla widely campanulate, subrotate, lobes imbricate. Stamens 5, 

 attached to the short corolla-tube, alternate with its lobes, filaments filiform 

 often dilated at the base ; anthers sagittate, oblong. Ovary completely 2-celled ; 

 styles 2, distinct, stigmas capitate; ovules very many. Capsule globose or 

 ovoid, septicidal or irregularly 4-valved. Seeds minute. 



K. zeylanica, Vahl Symb. ii. 46 ; annual, unarmed, leaves lanceolate, 

 flowers racenaed on short lateral branches, calyx-lobes lanceolate striate exceed- 

 ing the capsule. Lamk. III. t. 184 ; Wall. Cat. 4398 ; W. $ A. in Hook. Comp. 



