404 cix. ACANTHACE^E. (C. B. Clarke.) [Cardanthera. 



In drying-iip rice-swamps, S. MADBAS ; frequent. CEYLON ; Walker. SIKKIM 

 TEBRAI ;* Serb. Griffith. 



Annual, 1-1| ft., erect or decumbent, branching, from the base. Leaves 1 by | in., 

 glabrous or subpubescent. Splices 1-3 in., scarcely interrupted at the ibase even in 

 fruit; bracts | in., from elliptic to cordate, glabrous or puberulous ; bracteoles in., 

 obovate or elliptic. Sepals \ in., linear, pubescent. Corolla j in., puberulous. 

 Anthers of the posterior stamens half as large as of the anterior. Capsule in., 

 minutely pilose upwards. Much confused by the older botanists with the universal 

 Hygrophila polysperma, to which I suspect Miguel's Javanese C. uliginosa should be 

 referred. 



ff Whorls or spikes axillary ; fruiting interrupted at the base. 



2. C. G-riffithii, Benth. in Gen. PI. ii. 1074 ; leaves spathulate oblong 

 or elliptic crenulate pubescent, spikes terminal interrupted at the base in 

 fruit, corolla \ in. Adenosma Griffithii, T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Sac. 

 xi. 454. 



UPPER ASSAM; Suddiya, Griffith (Kew Distrib. n. 6087). DISTEIB. N. Burma. 



Annual, decumbent, rooting; branches 1 foot, pubescent. Leaves 1| by f in., 

 subpetioled, obtuse ; on the barren shoots smaller, broader. Spikes 1-4 in., pubescent, 

 axillary and forming terminal panicles ; lower bracts distant (at least in fruit), leaf-like, 

 often containing 2-3 flowers ; proper bract by % in., elliptic ; bracteoles 1 in., 

 narrowly oblong. Sepals linear-lanceolate. Corolla purple, puberulous. Anthers of 

 the posterior stamens smaller than those of the anterior, Ovary nearly glabrous, a 

 few gland-tipped hairs abou.t its apex. Capsule | in. 



3. C. balsamica, Benth. in Gen. PI. ii. 1074; branches glabrous 

 upwards, leaves petioled oblong crenate, flowers mostly in axillary whorls, 

 sepals longer than the bracts linear-lanceolate one larger than the others. 

 Ruellia balsamica, Linn.f. Suppl. 289. Adenosma balsamea, Spreng. Syst. 

 ii. 829; Wall. Cat. 9082; Wight Ic. t. 446; Nees in DC. Prodr. xi. 68; 

 T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 454. 



S. DECCAN PENINSULA and CEYLOX ; in rice-swamps, frequent. 



Annual, decumbent or erect, branches 6-15 in. ; glabrous, or the inflorescence 

 puberulous ; lineolate with raphides. Leaves 2 by f in., obtuse, base attenuate ; 

 petiole I in.; lower leaves sometimes pectinate or pinnatifid. Wtyrls usually 

 numerous, distinct ; flowers 1-5-nate ; bract \-% in., obovate or elliptic ; bracteole*s 

 similar, but smaller, in crowded whorls, often suppressed. Sepals ^ in., not widened 

 upwards. Corolla ^ in., nearly glabrous. Anthers of the posterior stamens smaller 

 than the anterior. Capsule nearly i in., puberulous upwards. 



VAB. Thymus leaves ^ in., corolla J- in., capsule scarcely in. Adenosma 

 Thymus, Nees- in Wall. PL As. Rar. iii. 79, and in DC. Prodr. xi. 69, excl. syn.; 

 T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 454. Ruellia cernua, Heyne ; Wall. Cat. 2380 

 (part of letter B only), not of Eoxb. Deccan Peninsula, Heyne. Nees and T. 

 Anderson place this next C. triftora, Ham., from which Nees carefully distinguishes it ; 

 the example is almost certainly a starved specimen of C. balsamica. 



4. C. verticillata^ Benth. in. Gen. PL ii. 1074 ; branches pubescent 

 upwards, leaves often petioled oblong or elliptic crenate, flowers mostly in 

 axillary whorls, sepals longer than the bracts linear-spathulate. Euellia 

 verticillata. Wall. Cat. 2409. Adenosma verticillata, Nees in Wall. PI. 

 As. Rar. iii. 79, and in DC. Prodr. xi. 69 ; Wight Ic. 1. 1524; T. Anders, in 

 Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 454. 



DECCAN PENINSULA; Carnatic, Heyne, Wight- Concan, Stocks, &c. CEYLON; 

 Thwaites. 



Leaves often somewhat pubescent, especially on the midrib beneath. Inflorescence 



