Calophanes.] cix. ACANTHACE.E. (C. B. Clarke.) 411 



** Cymes small, floiver s pedicelled. 



3. C. vagrans, Wight Ic. t. 1526; leaves ovate or oblong more or less 

 pubescent, calyx-teeth long-linear hairy, filaments hairy, anther-cells with 

 prominent white divaricate spurs at the base. T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. 

 Soc. ix. 459, excl. syn. Ruellia racemosa, Heyne in Herb. Rottler, not of 

 Roach. 



DECCAN PENINSULA, Rottler; Kurg, Wight- Concan, Stocks; Belgaum, Ritchie. 



Stems 1-2 ft., erect or diffuse, branched ; innovations softly pubescent, not lineo- 

 late. Leaves 1^-2^ in., usually narrowed at both ends, mature pubescent on both 

 surfaces or glabrate except a few hairs on the nerves or margin; petiole f in. Cymes 

 1 in., or some short 3-fld., softly hairy ; bracts in., oblong ; bracteoles | in., linear. 

 Calyx-tube \ in., teeth ^-\ in. Corolla | in., pubescent, blueish, palate transversely 

 plicate. Spurs of the anther-cells much larger than in the preceding species. Cap- 

 sule \ in. 



4. C. Dalzellii, T. Anders. ; Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. t. 248 ; leaves 

 ovate or oblong pubescent or nearly glabrate, calyx-teeth linear hairy, 

 filaments glabrous or minutely hairy, anther-cells minutely mucronate at 

 base or muticous. C. rigi^us, Dalz. ms. Dipteracanthus sp. n. 11, Herb. 

 Ind. Or. H.f.tyT. 



X^ONCAN, Dalzell, Stocks ; Poona, Dalzell, Beddome. 



Closely resembling C. vagans, but cymes denser, pedicels rarely exceeding in., 

 calyx-teeth broader, sometimes linear-lanceolate, flowers rather larger, sometimes 

 exceeding 1 in., and capsule 3 in., 4-seeded (entirely of Calophines). The larger 

 flowers and the stamens are quite as of Ruellia 5 the mucro of the anther-cells is 

 either absolutely wanting or so minute that it requires a microscope to find it. 

 Hence the plant was marked & Dipteracanthus by Benthara (not Dipteracanthus vagans, 

 as T. Anders, states, which was T. Anderson's own mistake, not Bentharn's) ; but as 

 the ovules appear never more than 4, it must remain in Calophanes. It invalidates 

 the genus Calophanes as distinguished from Ruellia, 



X. RUELLIA, Linn. 



Herbs or under shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire. Flowers sessile or 

 subsessile, solitary or clustered ; bract ; bracteoles large, exceeding the 

 calyx except in R. ciliata, Cqlyx 5-partite or 5-fid; teeth subequal, 

 narrow, acute. Corolla tubular- ventricose ; limb more or less oblique; 

 lobes subequal, rounded, twisted to the left in bud, patent in flower. 

 Stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous, unless near the base ; anthers 

 subequal, 2-celled ; cells oblong, muticous, glabrous. Ovary glabrous ; 

 ovules in each cell 3-10 ; style long-linear, hairy, stigma simple linear 

 (except in R. macrosiphon). Capsule clavate, base solid, cylindric, ellipsoid, 

 seed-bearing upwards. Seeds large, thinly discoid, marginate, much 

 imbricated, densely elastically hairy when wetted ; retinacula large, hooked, 

 strong. Species 150, in all warm regions. 



The generic character here given is narrowed to the section Dipteracanthus 

 (Genus, Nees), to which section all the Indian species strictly belong. In other 

 sections (Genera of Nees), reunited now with Ruellia in the Gen. PI., the bracts, 

 capsules and seeds recede materially from the characters of Dipteracanthus. 



Ruellia Jlagelliformis^ Koxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 47, came from the Moluccas. 



1. R. prostrata, Lamk. Bncycl. vi. 349 ; prostrate pubescent upwards, 

 leaves small ovate sparsely hairy or nearly glabrous, bracteoles spathulate- 

 elliptic or petioled ovate foliaceous, corolla 1 in. pale purple caducous. 



