562 cxi. VERBENACEJ3. (C. B. Clarke.) [Phnjma. 



rounded patent lobes. Stamens 4, didynamous; anthers round. Ovary 

 oblong, oblique ; ovule 1, erect, attached on one side near the base; style 

 linear; stigma shortly unequally 2-lobed. Utricle membranous, enclosed 

 in the reflexed calyx ; radicle superior, cotyledons convolute. 



P. leptostachya, Linn. Schauer in DC. Prodr. xi. 520 ; leaves ovate 

 or ovate-lanceolate thinly pubescent, peduncles terminal and from the upper 

 axils. Gaertn. Fruct. i. 363, t. 75, fig. 10 ; Lamk. III. t. 516 ; Wall. Cat. 

 2088 ; Schnizl. Ic. Fam. Nat. t. 150 a ; Walp. Rep. iv. 36. 



W. HIMALAYA, alt. 3-7000 ft.; from Kashmir to Nepal frequent, WallicJi, Royle, 

 &c. KHASIA MTS., alt. 4-6000 ft., B. f. Sf T., &c. DISTEIB. Amurland and 

 Japan, Temp. N. America. 



Height 1-2 ft. Leaves 2-4 in. ; petiole i~H i n - Spikes 6-15 in. ; flowers alter- 

 nate. Calyx-tube % in. ; nerves 15, in 5 groups of 3 ; teeth T ' in. with purplish 

 hooks. Corolla -| in., pink or pale purple. Calyx in fruit deflexed and appressed to 

 the rachis. Utricle ~ in., oblong. 



II. XiANTANA, Linn. 



Rambling shrubs, pubescent or scabrous ; branches tetragonous, some- 

 times prickly. Leaves simple,, petioled, crenate, often rugose. Spikes 

 peduncled, capitate, ovoid or cylmdric ; bracts conspicuous, exceeding the 

 calyx; bracteoles 0. Calyx small, membranous, truncate or sinuate-toothed. 

 Corolla-tube slender, cylindric; lobes 4-5, spreading. Stamens 4, didyna- 

 mous, included ; anthers broadly oblong. Ovary 2-celled, 2-ovuled ; style 

 short, stigma oblique subcapitate. Drupe fleshy or nearly dry, containing 

 2 bony, 1-celled pyrenes. Seed without albumen ; radicle inferior. Species 

 40, tropical or subtropical, mostly American. 



L. Camara, Linn. (Schauer in DC. Prodr. xi, 598 ; L. aculeata, Linn.; JRoxb. 

 Hort. Seng. 46. ? L. mixta, Linn, in Thwaites Enum. 242), an American plant, has 

 run wild in India, especially in the W.. Deccan Peninsula and Ceylon. It is readily 

 recognized by the numerous recurved prickles on the branches. 



1. Zi. indica, ~Roxb. Sort. Beng. 46, and FL Ind. iii. 89 ; leaves ovate 

 or lanceolate softly hairy above,, bracts ovate or elliptic acuminate softly 

 loosely hairy. Wall. Cat. 1823, type sheet a, b; Wight III. t. 173 b, fig. 3, 

 and Ic. t. 1464. L. latifolia, Taiisch in Flora 1836, 391. L. dubia, Wall. 

 Cat. 1821, 2 and C not 1 ; Royle III. 300, t. 73, fig. 2. L. collica, Decne. in 

 Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 136, t. 141. L. alba, Schauer in DC. Prodr. xi. 606; 

 Dalz. <$f Gils. Bomb. Fl. 198; Brandts For. FL 369 ; Kurz For. FL ii. 253; 

 Boiss. Fl. Orient, iv. 532, not of Miller, Dene., nor Link. 



Throughout INDIA and CEYLON in the warmer parts, common ; on the river- 

 banks of Bengal one of the commonest weeds. DJSTKIB. Beloochistan, Trop. Africa. 



A shrub, '6-8 ft. high ; branches long, rambliug, appressedly scabrid-pubescent, or 

 towards the tips patently densely fulvous-hairy. Leaves 1-3 in., opposite or ternate, 

 tip not rounded, rugose, above softly hairy, beneath more densely often woolly some- 

 times white-woolly ; petiole in. Peduncles numerous, axillary 1-3 in., usually 

 opposite ; heads ovoid, usually |-| in., sometimes in fruit 2-3 in. long, cylindric'; 

 bracts ^-^ in., upper smaller, ovate or even cordate in the typical form, but varying 

 to lanceolate. Calyx less than T ' s in., hairy. Corolla ^ in., hairy, mouth ^ in. diam., 

 usually pink, the tube yellowish, varying from dull purple to white. Drupe -$ in. 

 diam., purple. 



VAR. albiflora, Wight ms. ; leaves small obtuse, outer bracts ovate minutely 

 closely pubescent. L. Wightiana, Wall. Cat. 2655. Lrintana n. 1, Herb. Ind. Or. 

 R.f. 4" T. S. Madras, in or near the hills ; PulV)ey Mts. and Courtallum, Wight, 

 &c. Leaves -f in. Corolla in. diam. Drupe T ' 5 in. diam. 



