ClerodendronJ] cxi. VERBENACE^E. . (C. B. Clarke.) 589 



XIY. CLERODENDRON, Linn. 



Trees, or shrubs, sometimes rambling. Leaves opposite, ra,rely 3-4-nate, 

 simple, occasionally lobed. Cymes axillary or in terminal panicles, often 

 leafy below ; bracts prominent or small. Calyx campanulate, truncate or 

 5-toothed, or sub-5-partite, persistent often accrescent or coloured. Corolla* 

 tube slender, cylindric, usually long filiform ; limb 5-fid, spreading, more or 

 less oblique. Stamens 4; anthers long-exserted, cells parallel. Ovary 

 imperfectly 4-celled, 4-ovuled ; style filiform, shortly bifid. Drupe globose, 

 succulent, more rarely nearly dry, 4-grooved, separating into 4 pyrenes of 

 which 1-3 are often suppressed. Seeds oblong. Species 70, in the warmer 

 regions of both Hemispheres, chiefly in the Eastern. 



Clerodendron aculeatum, Linn, (under Volkameria), a native of America, is culti- 

 vated in Indian gardens ; it is allied to C. inerme, but has axillary spines. C.fragrans, 

 Vent., a Chinese species, is extensively cultivated, p;\rticularly ,the double-flowered 

 variety ; it is allied to C. bracteatum. C. canescens, Wall., also Chinese, and closely 

 allied to the last, is occasionally cultivated. 



Subgenus 1. Euclerodendron. Corolla-tube less than 1 in. 

 * Peduncles mainly axillary, or panicle lax leafy below. 



1. C. inerme, Gaertn. Fruct. i. 271, t. 57, .fig. 1 ; leaves obovate or 

 elliptic subobtuse entire glabrate, calyx - in. minutely toothed, in fruit 

 somewhat enlarged subtruncate closely embracing the base of the obovoid 

 drupe. Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 58 ; Wall. Cat. 1788, chiefly. Schauer -in DC. 

 Prodr. xi. 660 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 200 ; Bedd. For. Man. 174 ; Brand. 

 For. FL 363 ; Kurz For. Fl. ii. 266. Volkameria, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. 231. 

 Rheede Sort. Mai. v. t. 49. 



INDIA and CEYLON near the sea, from Bombay to Tenasserim. 



A straggling shrub, 3-7 ft.; shoots grey-pubescent. Leaves opposite, rarely 

 ternate, f-1^ in., young somewhat grey-pubescent, base cuneate ; petiole \ in. 

 Peduncles \-\\ in., all axillary, 3-7-fld. ; bracts 3 ' 5 in., Knear ; pedicels - in. Calyx 

 grey-puberulous or glabrate. Corolla white ; tube | in., glabrate; lobes 5 in., oblong. 

 Drupe \ by \ in., spongy, hardly succulent, smooth hardly sulcate, separating into 4 

 woody pyrenes. 



2. C. neriifolium, Wall. Cat. 1789; leaves elliptic acute or linear- 

 oblong entire glabrate, calyx in. shortly toothed, in fruit enlarged sub- 

 patent striate distinctly toothed or lobed. Schauer in DC. Prodr. xi. 660. 

 C. inerme, Benth. Fl. HongJc. 271, and Fl. Austral, v. 61 ; Schauer I. c., in 

 great part ; Wall. Cat. 1788, type sheet. C. inerme var. neriifolia, Kurz 

 For. Fl. ii. 266. Yolkameria neriifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. Q^.Rumph. 

 Herb. Amb. v. t. 46 (drupe very immature). 



MALAY PENINSULA near the sea, from Chittagong to Malacca, frequent. 

 DISTEIB. Malaya, China, Australia, Polynesia. 



Leaves mostly ternnte, 3| by 1^ in. ; or, in the extreme type form of Roxburgh, 

 sublinear, 4^- by ^ in. Cymes and drupe rather larger than in C. inerme. Calyx 

 often in. diam. in fruit. Otherwise as 0. inerme, of which this may be a var., as 

 Bentham and Kurz have treated it. 



VAR. macrocarpa, Wall. ms. ; drupe 1| by | in. Martaban ; Wallich. Rangoon ; 

 M'Lelland. 



3. C. disparifolium, Blume Bijd. 809; leaves oblong or elliptic 

 acuminate subentire glabrate, calyx \ in. deeply 5-lobed nearly glabrous. 

 Schauer in DC. Prodr. xi. 672; HassJc. Retzia, i. 57. C. acuminatum, Wall. 



