472 cxxxv. EUPHORBLACE2E. (J. D. Hooker.) [Sapium. 



SUBTBOPICAL HIMALAYA, from Simla and Kumaon, alt. 5300 ft., to Bhotan 

 (except ? Sikkim). CHITTAGONG, J. D. H. $ T. T. PEGU, Kurz.- 



A very robust deciduous-leaved tree, with thick soft branchlets leafy at the tips, 

 shrinking when dry. Leaves 6-12 in., greenish when dry, nerves 12-20 pairs spreading 

 slender; petiole 1-2 in., glandular below the tip. Spikes 3-10 in., fern, greatly 

 thickened in fruit. Male fl. in circular clusters %-\ in. diani. ; bracts very small, 

 central flowers opening first and leaving short persistent pedicels, outer fl. sessile ; 

 calyx membranous, lobes rounded concave ; stamens 2, very short. Fern. fl. shortly 

 pedicelled ; sepals ovate, acuminate ; ovary globose ; stigmas very short, pulvinate. 

 Fruit % in. diani., 1-3-celled. ovoid or globose, obscurely lobed. Kurz describes the 

 cocci as 2-valved. Except in the form of the fruit, I know of no difference between 

 the two following forms. 



S. INSIGNE PBOPEE'; fruiting racemes very stout, fruit ovoid. 



Var. malabarica ; fruiting racemes more slender, fruit globose. Excoecaria 

 insignis, Heddome Forester's Man. 214, t. 22, f. 5. Falconeria malabarica, Wight Ic. 

 t. 1866; Datz. Sc Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 227; Grah. Cat. Bomb. PL 367. Wall. Cat. 

 8014. 



73. EXCCECARIA, Linn. 



Glabrous trees or shrubs, with acrid milky sap. Leaves alternate or 

 opposite, entire or subserrate. Flowers minute in lateral axillary or ter- 

 minal spiciform unisexual or androgynous racemes or spikes, dioecious or 

 monoecious, apetalous ; males 1-3 in each bract, 2-bracteolate ; fern, at the 

 base of the raceme, or on separate racemes; rachis with large glauds 

 beneath or at the sides of the bracts. Disk 0. MALE FL. Sepals 3 (rarely 2), 

 small, subequal. Stamens 3, filaments free ; anthers didymous ; cells 

 globose, distinct, contiguous, parallel. Pistil! ode 0. FEM. FL. Calyx 3-fid 

 or -partite. Ovary 3-celled ; styles shortly connate, stout, spreading and 

 recurved, entire ; cells 1-ovuled. Capsule of 3 cocci separating from a 

 columella, valves crustaceous twisting elastically. Seeds globose or sub- 

 globose, estrophiolate, testa crustaceous, albumen fleshy ; cotyledons broad, 

 fiat. Species about 30, Tropical Asia, Africa and Australia. 



This genus had better be reunited with Sapium. 



* Leaves alternate. 



1. E. Ag-allocha, Linn. Sp.Pl. 1451; leaves alternate long-petioled 

 elliptic ovate or orbicular acute or obtuse quite entire or sinuate-crenate, 

 male spikes axillary dense-fld., bracts rounded fleshy 1-fld., male fl. sessile, 

 sepals minute unequal, fern, spikes short few-fld., flowers pedicelled, sepals 



Man. Ind. Timb. 368 ; G-rah. Cat. Bomb. PI. 185 ; Dalz. fy Gibs. Bomb. 

 Fl. 227 ; Beddome Forester's Man. 255 ; Wight Ic. t. 1865 B, and in Hook. 

 Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 306, t. 30. E. Camettia, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 864 ; Lamk. 

 III. t. 805. E. aflinis, Endl. Prodr. Fl. Norf., 83. Stillingia Agallocha, 

 Baill Etudes Gen. Euphorb. 518, t. 7, f. 31-34. Bheede Hort. Mai. v. t. 45. 



Tidal forests on all the coasts of INDIA and CEYLON. DISTEIB. Eastwards to 

 Australia and the Friendly Islands. 



A small evergreen tree. Leaves between fleshy and coriaceous, 2-4 in., pale brown 

 when dry, base acute or rounded; nerves many, very faint, subhorizontal; petiole 

 -1 in., slender, tip sometimes 2-glandular. Male spikes numerous, ] -2 in. ; loin. 

 racemes few, -1 in. ; flowers fragrant, upper fern, usually imperfect. Bracts of 

 male spike with 1 flower and several minute bracteoles. Filaments much lengthening 



