626 CXL. CUPULIFERE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Carpinus. 



1. C. vimlnea, Wall. Cat. 7800 ; branches warted, leaves ovate 

 caudate doubly serrate, fruiting bracts lanceolate unequal-sided obtusely 

 toothed on the broader side entire on the other or base 1 lobulate. Lindl. 

 in Wall PI. As. Rar. ii. 4, t. 106; A. DC. Prodr. xvi. ii. 127; Brand. 

 For. Fl 492 ; Kurz For. Fl. ii. 477 ; Gamble Man. Ind. Timb. 390. Ament., 

 Wall. Cat. 9146. 



TEMPERATE HIMALAYA ; from Chamba eastwards, alt. 5-7000 ft. KHASIA MTS., 

 alt. 5-6000 ft. MAKTABAN HILLS, alt. 5-6000 ft., Kurz. 



A rather small tree, with slender pendulous branches ; buds slender, softly hairy. 

 Leaves 3-4 in., thin ; petiole f-fc in., hairy. Male spikes 1-2 in., fern. 2-3 in. Fruit- 

 ing bracts 1 in., 3-5-nerved. Nut % in., 7-8-nerved, glandular. 



2. C. fag-inea, Lindl. in Wall. PI As. Rar. ii. 5; branches to- 

 mentose, leaves ovate-oblong acute subdoubly serrate, fruiting bracts 

 triangular oblong-lanceolate very unequal- sided narrow side (with the 

 nerve submarginal) entire, the other coarsely toothed. A. DC. Prodr. 

 xvi. ii. 127 ; Brand. For. FL 492, t. 66. 



TEMPERATE HIMALAYA ; from Jamu eastwards, alt. 4-7000 ft. 

 A moderate-sized tree. Leaves 3-5 in., often falcate, young pubescent ; petiole 

 i~i in. pubescent. Fruiting bracts in., pubescent ; nerves 4-6 pairs. Nut in. 



ORDER CXLI. SALICINEJE. 



Deciduous, dioecious trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, base 3-5-nerved, 

 stipulate. Flowers in catkins, one under each bract, ebracteolate ; 

 perianth 0; disk a scale or cupular or of glands; stamens 2 or more; 

 filaments free or connate ; ovary sessile or stipitate, 1-celled, style short or 

 0, stigmas short notched or lobed ; ovules few or many on 2-4 subbasal or 

 parietal placentas, erect, anatropous. Capsule ovoid or lanceolate, 2-4- 

 valved. Seeds few or many, funicle with a pencil of long silky hairs, 

 albumen 0; cotyledons plano-convex, radicle short inferior. Genera 2, 

 species about 180, chiefly N. temperate. 



Disk of 1 or 2 separate glands 1. SALIX. 



Disk cupular or annular 2. PoPULTJS. 



1. SALIX, Linn. 



Characters as above. Species about 160, very rare in the tropics and 

 them hemisphere, absent in Australia and the Pacific. 



Nothing of importance has been added to the descriptions of the Indian Willows 

 contained in Andersson's monograph (A. DC. Prodr. xvi. ii.) published in 1868, except 

 the excellent remarks of Brandis, contained in his Forest Flora. Many of the 

 species are very incompletely represented in Herbaria, and all are as protean as are 

 their European congeners. I have thought it best in many cases of duubt to adhere 

 to Andersson's determinations, leaving it to Indian Botanists to note carefully the 

 variations of all the species (which no one has hitherto attempted), and which will 

 no doubt profoundly modify the characters and specific limits as here given. 



SECT. I. PLEIANDR^E. Stamens 3-12 ; filaments free, villous at the base. 

 (See also S. alba &fraailis, which are sometimes 3-4-androus.) 



1. S. tetrasperma, Roxl. Cor. PL i. 66, t. 97 ; FL Ind. iii. 

 leaves petioled narrowly or broadly ovate-lanceolate acuminate serrulate 

 rarely entire usually glaucous beneath, catkins very slender, flowers in 



