488 CLXIV. PANDANE^E. (Hook, f.) [Freycinetia. 



Stem as thick as the middle finger. Leaves much longer broader and more 

 coriaceous than in the preceding species. M. ale spadices in bad condition j fern. 

 l-2 by |-1 in. diam. ; pedicel as long. 



4. F. Gaudichaudii, Bennet, PI Jav. Ear. 31, t. 9 ; leaves 5-6 by 

 |-| in. strict linear-lanceolate serrulate towards the caudate tip, spadices 

 umbellate stoutly shortly peduncled, fern, stout cyliudric, spathes short 

 fleshy. KunthEnum.iii. 102 ; Miq. FL Ind. Bat. ii. 170 ; Kurz in Seem. 

 Journ. Bot. v. (1867) 134 ; Solms in Linnsea, xlii. (1878) 86. 



MALACCA, Maingay (Kew Distrib. 1537). 



Stem as thick as a swan's quill. Leaves coriaceous, flat; sheaths short, mem- 

 branous. Spathes 1^-2 in., cymbiform. Fern, spadix 1 by ^ in. diam. or more. 

 The fern, spadices appear longer stouter and upon much shorter pedicels than are 

 represented in the figure cited, but no dependence can be placed on drawings and 

 descriptions of a succulent inflorescence made from dried specimens. 



5. F. insignis, Blume Eumph. 158, t. 42 ; leaves l-3 ft. by |-1 in., 

 acuminate spinulose-serrate on the margins and midrib beneath, spadices 

 2-3 peduncled erect, outer spathes greenish inner red, fruit 2-4 in. elongate- 

 oblong green, berries free at the conical 3-5-cornered apex, stigmas 3-1 

 horse-shoe shaped. Kuntli Enum. iii. 586 ; Miq. PI. Jung. i. 166 ; Fl. 

 Ind. Bat. iii. 170; Kurz For. Fl. ii. 509. 



ANDAMAN JSLDS., Kurz. DISTEIB. Java. 



A lofty sparingly branched climber. I have seen no specimens ; the characters 

 are from Kurz. 



ORDER CLXV. TYPHACE2E. By J. D. Hooker. 



Aquatic or marsh perennial herbs. Leaves linear, erect or floating. 

 Flowers small or minute densely crowded in globose or cylindric unisexual 

 bracteate spikes' the upper of which are males ; perianth of green scales or 

 fine hairs. Male fl. Stamens 1-7, filaments free or connate, anthers basi- 

 fixed. Fem.fi. Ovary superior, 1-2-celled, cells 1-ovuled, styles persistent, 

 stigmas laterally papillose; ovule pendulous from the top of the cell. 

 Fruit small, membranous or drupaceous. Seed pendulous, albumen fleshy 

 or floury ; embryo axile, cylindric, radicular end thickened, plumule in a 

 lateral slit. Genera 2, species about 15, cosmopolitan. 



Perianth of slender hairs 1. TYPHA. 



Perianth of green scales 2. SPAEGANIUM. 



1. TYPHA, Linn. 



Marsh herbs. Leaves erect, spongy. Flowers in very dense superposed 

 cyliixdric spikes (catkins), often intermixed with capillary bracteoles (hairs 

 with dilated tips). Perianth of capillary hairs, or in the male. Stamens 

 1 or more, tip of connective thickened. Ovary (often reduced to a clavate 

 tipped hair) very minute, on a long capillary stipes, narrowed, into a 

 capillary style with a clavate or filiform stigma. Fruit very minute ; peri- 

 carp membranous, indehiscent or laterally dehiscent ; albumen floury. 

 Species about 10, temp, and trop. 



In all the Indian species the male spike is more or less distant from the fern. I 

 am very doubtful as to their limits and synonyms. I am indebted to the works 

 referred to under the species of Rohrbach and Korner for indications of some minute 

 chaiacters, The male fl. are sometimes replaced by clavate bodies. 



