596 CLXXII. CTPEEACE2E. (C. B. Clarke.) \Junce(lus. 



Cyperus exaltatus, Retz ; but separated by the very crowded spikes and 2-fid 

 style. 



** Stem with one head of spikelets. 



5. J. pygrms&usj C. B. Clarke-, annual, leaves and bracts long green 

 flaccid, spikelets innumerable in^a compound head linear often curved or 

 twisted, nut plano-convex -^ length of glume. Cyperus pygmseus, Rottb. 

 Descr. et Ic. 20, t. 14, figs. 4, ,5; Nees in Wight Contrib. 72 ; Kunth Enum. 

 ii. 18 ; Miq. A Ind, Bat. iii 261 ; Boiss.Fl. Orient, v. 368 (excl. syn.Roxl.) ; 

 Boeck. in Linn&a, xxxv. 493 (excl. var. /3) ; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. 

 Soc. xx. 282 and xxi. 28-30, 81, t. 2, figs. 10, lOa ; King in E. T. Atkinson 

 Gaz. x. (1876), 320.- C. squarrosus, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 190. C. monocephalus, 

 Roxb. mss. (not Fl. Ind.). Dichostylis pygmsea, Nees in Linntea, ix. 289. 

 Pycreus diffusus -and pygmaeus, Nees in Linncea, ix. 283. Isolepis ? 

 Wall. Cat. 3495. 



From KASHMIR to BUEMA and Ceylon. All warm regions (excl. Europe). 



Glabrous. Stems cdespitose (often very many), 1-10 in. Bracts 3-6 in., spread- 

 ing. Head -f in. in diam. Spikelets often 100, | in., 8-24-fld., greenish- white, 

 finally pale brown. Glumes close-packed, boat-shaped. Stamens 2-1; anthers small, 

 linear-oblong, muticous. Nut ellipsoid, brownj top pyramidal ; style shorter than 

 nut ; branches shortly exsert. Much confused (by Boeckeler finally united) with 

 SciTpus JUichelianus, Linn. ; so that the synonymy cannot be completely ex- 

 tricated. In the young state it is difficult to distinguish the two apart ; but when 

 the spikelets of J. pygmaus are ripe, and the glumes (except a few of the top in- 

 fertile) have fallen away, the scars on the rhacheola (and therefore the glumes and 

 nuts) are seen to be exactly distichous ; whilst the rhacheola of ripe S. Michelianus, 

 shows the scars arranged spirally from the base of the spikelet. Kheede's Hort. 

 Mai. xii. t. 54, on which alone several specific names are grounded, is usually referred 

 here, but it is as likely to be Fimbristylis argentea, Vahl. 



6. J. Isevigratus, C. B. Clarke; rhizome creeping, leaves short or 

 long, lower bract as though continuing stem, head lateral, spikelets 

 1-30 linear 16-40-fld. somewhat turgid, glumes close-packed obtuse, nut 

 ^-f length of glume. Cyperus Isevi'gatus, Linn. Mant. 179 ; Rottb. Descr. 

 et Ic. 19, t. 16, fig. 1 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 260 ; Boeck. in Linnaea, xxxv. 

 486 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 366 ; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 282 and 

 xxi. 77, t. 3, figs. 20, 21 and t. 4, fig. 33 ; Aitch. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2 ; 

 Bot. iii. 121. C. mucronatus, Rottb. I. c. 19, t. 8, fig. 4; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 

 185 ; Nees in Wight Contrib. 72 ; Kunth Enum. ii. 17 ; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 

 viii. 31, t. 278, fig. 661. C. lateralis, ForsJc. Fl. ^g. Arab. 13 ; Roxb. I. c. 

 186 ; Nees in Wight Contrib. 73 (not Linn.f.}. C. Boxburghianus, Presl. 

 in Okenlsis, xxi. 271. C. pleuranthus, Nees I.e. 73. C. acuminatus, Roxb. 

 ms. C. mucronatus and C. niveus, Herb. Heyne; Wall. Cat. 3311. 

 Pycreus Isevigatus, Nees in Linnsea, x. 130. P. mucronatus and lateralis, 

 Nees I. c. x. 283. 



Throughout WESTERN INDIA from the Punjab, Aitchison, and Bundelkund, 

 Duthie, to SOUTH MADRAS, Wight. DISTRIB. most warm climates. 



Glabrous. Rhizome usually woody, i in. in diam. internodes very short densely 

 covered by chestnut or red scales, when floating sometimes 3-6 ft. with long inter- 

 nodes. Stems 4-24 in. Leaves sometimes as long as stem, in. broad, usually 

 short, occasionally obsolete (i.e. sheaths terminated by a lanceolate process not 

 green). Spikelets closely clustered, in., rigid, often curved, straw-colrd. or 

 tinged with chestnut or chestnut-red ; rhacheola stout, tetragonous, hardly w,inged. 

 Q-lumes concave, ovate, 7-11-nerved. Stamens 3 ; anthers yellow with a small 



