Gyperus.~\ CLXXII. CYPBBACE-B. (C. B. Clarke.) 599 



/ 



length of glume (mncro excluded) otherwise as C. castaneus. Kunth Enum. 

 ii. 22 ; Boeck. in Linn&a, xxxv. 496 ; G. B. Clarice in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 

 284, and xxi. 88, and xxv. 80 ; Trimen Cat PI. Ceylon, 100. C. angusti- 

 folius, Ham. ms. ; Wall. Cat. 3376 (mainly) ; Nees in Wight Contrib. 79 ; 

 Kunth JZnum. ii. 21. C. castaneus, Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 130 ; 

 Miy. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 261 (" forma Sundaica ") C. solutus, Steud. Syn. 

 Cyp.U ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 263. 



Throughout INDIA; from KASHMIR and ASSAM to CEYLON and PENANGK 

 DLSTRIB. All warm regions. 



The older botanists referred the chestnut-colrd. examples to C. castaneus, the ferru- 



f'mous- brown to C. cuspidatus, and these are the prevalent colours of the spikelets. 

 ut the colour varies in both, and Boeckeler has distinguished them by the nut 

 (which is broader upwards in C. cuspidatus) tolerably satisfactorily. C. cuspidatus 

 is a very common plant, C. castaneus a rare one. 



/Sect. 3. Di/ormes. Small or middle-sized, annuals or biennials ; 

 rhizome 0, or in C. Haspan creeping. Leaves and bracts moderately long, 

 narrow, weak. Inflorescence umbellate, sometimes reduced to a single 

 head. Spikelets small, numerous. Glumes scarcely cuspidate. (Sp. 6- 



6. C. fuscus, Linn. Sp. PI. 69 ; annual, small, umbel simple com- 

 pound or reduced to a head, spikes clustered small linear- oblong, nut ellip- 

 soid triquetrous apiculate f f length of glume. Host Gram. Austr. ii. 49, 

 t. 73 ; Kunth Enum. ii. 37 ; Boeck in Linnsea, xxxv. 585 ; C. B. Clarke in 

 Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 135 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 370. 



KASHMIB and N.W. HIMALAYA, alt. 6000 ft., Thomson, &c. DISTRIB. West- 

 ward to Britain. 



Glabrous. Stems csespitose, 2-16 in., weak. Leaves longer or shorter than 

 stem, in. broad, grass-like. Rays of umbel often 1-1^ in., sometimes much 

 longer ; bracts usually exceeding inflorescence. Spikes J-| in. in diam. Spikelets 

 5-15, ^-| by ^ in., 16-36-fld., often reddish. Glumes boat-shaped, ovate, scarcely 

 mucronate. Stamens usually 2 ; anthers oblong, obtuse. Nut equally or unequally 

 triquetrous, pale brown. Style much shorter than nut, deciduous ; branches 

 linear. 



7. C. diffcrmis, Linn. 8p.Pl.-67; annual, middle-sized, umbel simple 

 compound or reduced to 1 head, spikelets very small linear-oblong most 



' densely crowded, glumes obovate truncate, nut broad ellipsoid nearly as 

 long as glume. Bottl. Descr. et Ic. 24, t. 9, fig. 2 ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 195 ; 

 Nees in Wight Contrib. 88 ; Kunth JSnum. ii. 38 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 

 282 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 269 ; Boeck. in Linnsea, xxxv. 586 ; Thw. Enum. 

 344 ; King in E. J. Atkinson Oaz. x. (1876) 323 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, y. 

 370; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 290, and xxi. 133. C. Goeringii, 

 Steud. Syn. Cyp. 24; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 271. Cyperus, Wall. Cat. 3363 

 (mainly). 



Throughout INDIA, alt. 0-8000 ft., universal throughout the Old World in rice- 

 fields; Mexico (introduced ?). 



Glabrous. Stems 4-20 in., acutely triquetrous at top. Leaves usually somewhat 

 shorter than stem, f-i in. broad, flaccid. Umbel usually contracted, rays up to 2 in., 

 sometimes much larger ; bracts 2-10 in., lowest often suberect (i.e. umbel lateral). 

 Spikes -| in. in diam., globose. Spikelets i-f by -J- in., somewhat turgid, 10- 

 30-fld. Glumes close-packed, concave, very obtuse, straw-colrd., sides more or less 

 red. Stamen 1, rarely 2 ; anther small, oblong, muticous. Nut subsessile, sub- 

 equally trigonous, pale-brown ; style much shorter than nut, branches linear short. 



