Cyperus.~\ CLXXII. CYPEKACE^E. (C. B. Clarke.) 603 



17. C. pachyrrhizus, Nees ex Boeck. in Linnsea, xxxv. 645 ; steins 

 long robust at top trigonous 1-headed, leaves often as long as stem rigid 

 concave, bracts 3-4 long spreading, spikelets very numerous densely 

 agglomerated (otherwise as G. conglomerates) . C. B. Clarice in Journ. Linn. 

 Soc. xxi. Ill Trimen Cat. PI. Ceylon, 100. C. conglomerate, Thw. Enum. 

 343. C. arenarius, Prain Laccadive PI. in Ic. Mem. Med. Off. Army Ind., 

 part v. (1890), 54 (not ofRetz.). C. leucocephalus, Wight ms. (partly). 



CEYLON ; Thwaites, Wight. LACCADIVE ISLDS. ; Hume. 



Soots densely woolly. Stems 12-20 in. Head more than 1 in. in diam. of 

 30-80 spikelets. Trimen doubts (with reason) whether this is other than a large 

 form of 0. conglomeratus, Rottb. 



18. C. effusus, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. 22, t. 12, fig. 3 ; spikelets linear 

 compressed 20-60-fld., glumes most densely packed scarcely mucronate 

 (otherwise as C. conglomeratus). Kuntli Enum. ii. 47; Edgew. in Journ. 

 As. Soc. Seng. xvi. 1220. C. proteinolepis, Steud. Syn. Gyp. 15 ; BoecJc. 

 in Linnsea, xxxv. 522; G. B. Clarice in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 113. C. con- 

 glomeratus, var. effusa, Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 369. C. conglomeratus, var. 

 /3 major, BoecJc. I.e. 544; C. B. ClarJce 1. c. 112. C. curvulus, BoecTc. 

 . c. 541 (partly). C. densus, Br. in Salt Abyss. Append. 62. 



SIND ; Pimvill. DiSTEiB. Westwd. to N. Africa. 



Spikelets ^-1 by ^-i in. broad, much narrower than in C. conglomeratus. 

 C. effusus includes many plants differing greatly in size (as does 0. conglomeratus) 

 but all unlike C. conglomeratus in the exceeding closely packed glumes ; the spike- 

 lets are not longer than in C. conglomerates, but have twice as many flowers. 



19. C. Atkinson!, G. B. Glarkein Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 109; roots 

 not woolly, stems thickened at base approximated on a short rhizome top 

 nearly terete, umbel simple contracted, spikelets linear much compressed 

 20-30- fld. pale brown (otherwise as C. effusus.) 



KASHMIR ; Bimbur, Atkinson. N.W. HIMALAYA ; Kotgurh, Thomson. SIND ; 

 Kurrachee, Stocks. 



This plant is not very near C. niveus (where originally placed) differing not 

 merely by the umbellate spikes but by the structure of the spikelet, which is very 

 close to that of C. effusus. Though the character of woolly rootlets holds good in 

 this group throughout a great series of herbarium material, Schweinfurth tells me 

 that it is not to be relied on for the discrimination of species, as it is merely an 

 adaptation for growth in sand. 



Sect. 6. Diffusi. Tall or middle-sized perennials with green somewhat 

 broad often 3-nervecMeaves. Umbels compound, generally decompound. 

 (Sp. 20-26;) ' 



20. C. diffusus, VdJd Enum. ii. 321; spikelets 4-24-fld., glumes 

 broadly ovate sndden-y acute-mucronate in fruit somewhat distant upper 

 margins not imbricate, nut broadly ellipsoid triquetrous subpyramidal at 

 either end length of glume. Nees'in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xix. 

 Suppl. i. 58 ; Miq. Ft. Ind. Bat.&. 264. C. elegans, Sw. 0/bs. Bot. 30 ; Kuntli 

 Enum. ii. 28 ; g^ecHin Linnsea, xxxv. 533 ; C. B. Clarice in Journ. Linn. Soc. 

 xx. 288 and KXI. 125 xcl. tab. Sloane (not Linn.). C. longifolius, Decne. 

 in NGUV. Ann. Mus. iii. 359 ; Ridley in Forbes East. Archip. 520 (not 

 Poir). C. nicestus, KimtJi 1. c. 31. C. nigro-viridis, Thw. Enurn. 344. 

 Cyperus, Wall. Cat. 3358, 3362, 3370, A. Hypaalyptum, Griff. Itin. Notes, 



17, n. 243. 



