CyperusJ] CLXXII. CYPERACEJE. (C. B. Clarke.) 615 



283; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 283; Thw. Enum. 343, partly ; C. B. Clarice 

 in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 292, and xxi. 167 ; Aiteh. Sf Hems, in Trans. Linn. 

 Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iii. 121. C. hexastachyus, Bottb. Descr. et Ic. 28, t. 14, 

 fig. 2 ; Nees in Wight Gentrib. 81 (partly}. C. leptostachyus, Griff. Itin. 

 Notes, 321 (not of Nees}. C. tenuiflorus, Royle III. 412 (not Eottb.}. 

 Cyperus, Wall. Cat. 3317 A (partly}, 3322, 3353, 3373. C. albidus, Herb. 

 Heyne ; Wall. Cat. 3356 ; Rumph. Herb. Ami. vi. 1, t. 1. 



INDIA, alt. 0-6000 ft., a pestiferous weed. DISTRIB. All warm regions. 



Glabrous. Stolons slender, up to 4-8 in., hardening into wiry roots, thickened 

 into black woody ovoid tubers ^1 in. in diam., not (or very obscurely) zoned. 

 Stems subsolitary, 4-32 in., at top triquetrous. Leaves long, often overtopping stem, 

 ^ - in. broad. Umbel frequently compound, primary rays 2-8 in., spikes loosely 

 spicate of 3-8 spikelets ; but umbel sometimes large, sometimes reduced to 1 head 

 and (in a common Calcutta form) to 1 spikelet. Spikelets in flower or fruit un- 

 distinguishable from C. longus. 



Var. j3 centiflora, C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 171; spikelets elongate 

 many-fld. bften curved or twisted. MONGHYR, Wall. Cat. 3373 (right-hand 

 example). The DECCAN, G. Thomson, n. 258. In this (n. 258) the spikelets are 

 3| in., with 118 flowers, but all forms intermediate between this and C. rotundus 

 occur. 



51. C. stoioniferus, Retz Obs. iv. 10; rhizome woody long-creeping, 

 stems at top trigonous at base nodose, umbel simple contracted or sub- 

 capitate, spikelets terete shortly spicate, glumes close-packed concave 

 obtuse, style-branches. 3 long, nut obovoid unequally trigonous somewhat 

 curved. Nees in Wight Contrib. 81 ; BoecJc. in Linnsea, xxxv. 489 (excl. 

 syn. G. tuberosus and var. ft) ; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 286, 

 and xxi. 172. C.'.littoralis, Br. Prodr. 216. C. tuberosus, Bojer. Hort. 

 Maurit. 379; Kunth Enum. ii. 50; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 283. C. 

 rotundus, part, Kunth I. c. 59. C. bulboso-stoloniferus, Steud. inZoll. Verz. 

 Ind. Archip. ii. 62, and Syn. Gyp. 18. C. conjunctus, Steud. Syn. Gyp. 18. 

 C. lamprocarpus, BoecTc. 1. c. 490. C. juncifolius, Klein ms. ; Wall. Cat. 



' 3315, A. C. Jemenicus, Heyne ; Wall. Cat. 3315, B. C. arenarius, Hance 

 ms. Cyperus, Wall. Gat. 3309, mixed. 



Shores of INDIA, especially in sea sand; from Sind to Ceylon, Coromandel, and 

 the Malay Peninsula. NilghiriMts., jPow^es. DISTRIB. Mauritius, China, Malaya, 

 Australia. 



Stolons long, hardening into the creeping rhizome, not producing tunicated 

 bulbils. Stems 4-8 in. Umbel rays 0-1 in. ; bracts usually 3, varying in length as 

 do the leaves. Spikelets i by ^ in., 8-20-fld. ; glumes more closely packed than in 

 C. rotundus, their margins often glistening hyaline. 



52. C. Fenzelianus, Steud. Syn. Cyp. 33; tall, stolons long 

 thickish, leaves and bracts elongate, umbel large compound, spikelete 

 (young and old) straw-colour (otherwise as C. longus or large G. rotundus). 

 Boeck. in Linncea, xxxvi. 297. C. pallescens, Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 375 (not 

 of Desfont). C. ochreoideB, Steud. I. c. 34. C. tenuiflorus, Balfour Socotra, 

 305 (not ofRottb.}. C. longus var. pallida, BoecTc. I. c. 280 (excl. C. mitis, 

 not of Eoiss.). C. longus, vars. /3 pallescens and e elongata (partly), 

 C. B. Clarice in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 165, 166. G. rotundus, Boeck. in 

 Flora, Ixii. 554. 



MADRAS ; .Chingapuna, G. Thomson, n. 383. DISTEIB. Westwd. to N. Africa. 

 Stems 2-3 ft., robust, at base somewhat nodose then suddenly narrowed into 

 ' a creeping rhizome -^-lin. diam. Leaves often nearly as long as stems, i in. broad, 



