658 CLXXII. OYPERACE^:. (C. B. Clarke.) [Scirpw* 



13. S. triqueter, Linn. Mant. 29 ; steins stout triquetrous, leaves 

 short, umbel subsimple lateral, spikelets clustered, bristles 3-6 retrorse- 

 scabrous, style 2-fid, nut plane-convex smooth pale ultimatelv brown. 

 Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. viii. 40, t. 305 ; Bentli. Fl. Austral, vii. 334, in note. 

 S. Pollichii, Gren. & Godr. Fl. Franc, iii. 374; Boeck. in Linnsea, xxxvi. 

 711. 



KASHMIR and BALTISTHAN, alt. 6-8000 ft., Jacquemont, Thomson, &c. DISTRIB. 

 Europe, Central Asia to Japan, S. Africa. 



Glabrous, except margin of glumes. Rhizome elongate, branching ; scales ovate- 

 triangular, striate, rusty-brown, often rubbed off. Stems 1-3 ft., two faces plane, 

 third (flower-bearing) concave. Leaves -3 in. long, or hardly any. Lowest bract 

 |-2 in., triquetrous, as though continuing stem. Rays of umbel -2 in. with 2-8 

 clustered spikelets on each ; or umbel congested nearly to a single head. Spikelets 

 i in. long, broad cylindric, rusty-brown (in the Himal. form). Glumes broadly 

 ovate, keeled, notched at top with a short mucro in notch j margins scarious, ciiiate, 

 hairy. Bristles rigid, brown-red, often about as long as nut, incurved over its 

 shoulders, scabrous with short white reflexed teeth (not plumose). Stamens 3, 

 anthers with short red crests. Style fide Boeckeler sometimes 3-fid. Nut less 

 than ^ length of glume. As to the specific name, Bentharn has shown 1. c. that this 

 plant was S. triqueter, Linn., and that Boeckeler erred in discarding that name. 

 It hardly differs from S. lacustris var. carinata, except by the more acutely tri- 

 quetrous stem. 



Var. segregata ; ultimate rays of the umbel all (or nearly all) with one spikelet, 

 bristles 3 (sometimes 2). ? S. subulatus, Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Seng. lx., part 2, 

 335. Lower Bengal, especially the Soondreebun^ C. B. Clarke. New Guinea. 

 Stolons slender. Rays of the inflorescence sometimes again divided, sometimes 

 3^ in. long. Bristles 3 or 2 (usually 4 or more in S. triqueter, typ.), black-red. 



14. S. lacustris. Linn. Sp. PI. 72 ; stems stout terete or somewhat 

 trigonous, umbels usually compound, spikelets clustered and solitary, 

 bristles 6-5 retrorsely simply scabrous, style 2-3-fid, nut obovoid smooth 

 finally black. Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. viii. 41, t. 306 ; Boeck. in Linnsea, 

 xxxvi. 712 ; Stracney PL Kumaon, 73. S. validus, Valil Enum. ii. 268. S. 

 Tabernaemontani, Gmel. Fl. Badens. i. 101 ; Eeiclib. 1. c. t. 307, 723. S. 

 carinatus, Sowerby Engl. Sot. t. 1983. S. Duvallii, Hoppe ; Reichb. I. c. 42, 

 t. 308. S. Meyenii, Nees in Linnsea,, ix. 293. S. subulatus, Aitch. in 

 Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. 189. Juncus zebrinus, Gard. Chron. [1877] 399, 

 t. 62. 



KASHMIR, alt. 5500 ft., and LADAK, Schlagintweit, &c. Kumaon, alt. 4500 ft., 

 Thomson, Strachey 8f Winterbotfom. MUNEYPOOE, Watt. DISTRIB. Europe, 

 Africa, Australia, N. America. 



Rhizome horizontal. Stems l|-4 ft., often standing in water. Leaves hardly 

 any, or sometimes 4 in., or (floating) 1-2 ft. Umbel usually once or twice divided, 

 4-6 in. in diam., sometimes reduced almost to a small head; lowest bract suberect, 

 short. Spikelets % in. long. Glumes ovate> notched at top with a small mucro in 

 notch ; margins membranous, pilose. Bristles as long as the nut or reduced, some- 

 times almost 0. Stamens 3, anthers crested. Nut |- glume, plane-convex. In 

 type S. lacustris, the stem is terete, the style 3-fid ; var. Taberncemontani differs 

 in style bifid ; var. carinata in stem obscurely trigonous. (S. lacustris of S. America 

 is S. riparius, Presl.). 



15. S. maritimus, Linn. Sp. PL 74 ; stems robust trigonous, leaves 

 several long, umbel compound simple or capitate, glumes notched hairy 

 at top mucronate, bristles 6-3 retrorse-scabrous rarely subobsolete, style 

 3-fid (see var.), nut obovoid smooth finally black. Nees in Wight Contrib. 

 Ill ; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. viii. 42, t. 310, 311.; BoecTc. in Linnsea, xxxvi. 



