73 fc CLXXII. CYPERACE.E. (C. B. Clarke.) \Care.\ 



slender male, 2-3 subglobose female 4-10-fruited, style 3-fid, utricles rather 

 large trigono-globose nerveless glabrous not inflated, beak minnte linear. 

 Kunth Enum. ii. 444; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. viii. 25, t. 259; Strachey Gat. 

 PI. Kumaon, 73; Duthie in E. T. Atkinson Gaz. x. 618. C. glomerata, 

 Schkuhr Riedgr. i. 79, t. fig. 41. C. Schkuhrii, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 264; 

 Schkuhr I. c. ii. 51, t. Qqq, fig. 158. C. obesa, var. y supina, Boott Carex, 

 iv. 161, t. 535 ; BoecJc. in Linngsa, xli. 184. 



KUMAON, alt. 14-15,000 ft. ; Bugdwar, Strachey fy Winterbottom (n. 17) ; Kutti 

 Yangti Valley, Duthie (n. 6098). DISTRIB. Central Asia, Alpine Europe. 



Glabrous. Stems 3-6 in. Leaves 3-6 by ^ in. Terminal spike \ in., very 

 slender ; fern, spikes in. in diam. Fern, glumes ovate, triangular-tipped, chestnut- 

 colrd. Utricle obscurely irregularly nerved at base, suddenly contracted, scarcely 

 scabrous at top, nearly filled by nut, green -yellow to pale-brown ; beak slightly 

 2-fid. C. obesa Allioni (Fl. Pedemont. ii. 270) differs by its larger size, lowest spike 

 cylindric peduncle, utricle distinctly nerved on their posticous face, more acuminated 

 into a more definite beak. 



102. C. ustulata, Wahl. in Handl. Acad. Stockh. 156 ; middle-sized 

 or small, spikes 2-5 approximate, terminal male or variously bisexual, 

 lowest nodding on slender peduncle, fern, glumes elliptic-oblong black- 

 red, style 3-fid, utricle ellipsoid nerveless glabrous acuminated into a 

 very short scabrous beak inflated much larger than nut. Kunth Enum. ii. 

 462; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. viii. 22, t. 250, fig. 615 ; Boott Carex, i. 70, 71, 

 t. 193, figs. 1, 2, and t. 194, fig. 1 ; BoecJc. in Linncea, xli. 260. C. atro- 

 fnsca, Schk. Riedgr. i. (1801), 106, t. Y fig. 82. C. coriophora, Fischer 

 ms. ex Kunth I. c. 463 ; Strachey Gat. PI. Kumaon, 73. C. frigida, Wall, 

 ms. Carex, Wall. Cat. 3389, A. 



HIMALAYA and TIBET, alt. 12-17,000 ft. ; from the Karakorum, Thomson, to 

 SIKKIM, J. D. H. DISTRIB. Cold N. Hemisphere. 



Glabrous. Rhizome creeping ; scales pale. Stems 4-16 in. (taller are called C. 

 coriophora, Fisch.). Leaves usually ^-^ length of stem ; a node, with a leaf 1-3 in., 

 often occurs ^-4 in. below the infl. Infl. 1-4 in. ; lowest spike sometimes 1-2 in. 

 distant on peduncle 1-1^ in. ; lowest bract much shorter than infl., and when distant 

 usually sheathing. Spikes |-f by |-i in., short-cylindric or ovoid, dense; terminal 

 spike in the Europ. and sometimes in the Himal. plants male at base fern, at top, or 

 (not rarely) wholly fern., or frequently fern, with a few males at top, or male t 

 both ends fern, in the middle, or fern, at both ends male in the middle. Utricle 

 about as long as glume, more or less biack-red, compressed, quite flat when the nut 

 does not ripen, otherwise trigonous with two marginal wings; beak very short, 2-fid 

 or distinctly emarginate. Nut stalked, small; style-branches shortly exsert from 

 utricle. 



103. C. cruentaj Nees in Wight Contrib. 128; closely allied to C. 

 ustulata but larger in all its parts, spikes 5-12 remote, peduncle of lowest 

 usually 3-6 in. Kunth Enum. ii. 463 ; Strachey Gat. PI. Kumaon, 73 ; 

 Boott Carex, ii. 75, tt. 201, 202, 203 ; Boeclc. in Linneea, xli. 261. Carex, 

 Wall. Cat. 3389, B. 



HIMALAYA, alt. 8-15,000 ft., common; from GILGIT, Giles, to SIKKIM, J. D. H. 

 DISTRIB. Central Asia ? 



Stems often 2 ft. and more; infl. nearly a foot. Fern, spikes often 1 in. ; lowest 

 peduncle not rarely divided, i.e. with 1-3 spikes; terminal spike (sometimes 2) 

 wholly male in the copious material, except a quantity collected by Levinge at Sona- 

 murg (large typical cruenta) where the terminal spikes are all male at base fern, at 

 top. Fern, glumes often mucrouate. Utricle longer narrower than those of C. ustu- 

 lata, less inflated, more or less red-black. Generally easily recognized, but many 



