i 4 6 FLOWERS OF THE CORNFIELDS 



scales. The tube is curved and longer than the limb. The stamens 

 are included, small, and placed at the junction of limb and tube, with 

 small anthers. The style is as long as the stamens, the stigma lobed 

 and blunt. The flowers are visited and pollinated chiefly by bees, and 

 partly by Lepidoptera, &c., Hesperia. The nutlets are dispersed when 

 ripe around the parent plant. 



Field Bugloss is a sand plant and addicted to a sand soil. 



A microfungus, Pucciuia dispersa, attacks the leaves. 



Lycopsis, Dioscorides, is from the Greek lycos, wolf, ops, opsis, face, 

 because the flowers were supposed to resemble a wolf's face; and the 

 second Latin name indicates its preference for arable land. 



The only name is Bugloss. 



The Field Bugloss was held to be a remedy for carbuncle or the 

 plague. 



ESSENTIAL SPECIFIC CHARACTERS: 



214. Lycopsis arvensis, L. Stem erect, branched above, hirsute, 

 radical leaves obovate, stem-leaves linear-ovate, sinuous, hispid, flowers 

 blue, in cymes, subsessile. 



Corn Cromwell (Lithospermum arvense, L.) 



Corn Gromwell is found in Europe, N. Africa, Siberia, W. Asia, 

 as far as N.W. India, in the North Temperate Zone, and has been 

 introduced into the United States. It is unknown in any early de- 

 posits. In Great Britain this plant does not grow in Glamorgan, 

 Brecon, Radnor, Cardigan, in South Wales, Montgomery, Merioneth, 

 the Isle of Man, Dumfries, Wigtown, Kirkcudbright, Peebles, Selkirk, 

 S. Perth, the whole of West Highlands except Mid Ebudes, W. Ross, 

 Sutherland, Caithness, Orkneys, Shetlands, but elsewhere from Ross 

 to the south coast. It is native in Ireland. 



Corn Gromwell is one of the plants which seldom, if ever, subsist 

 anywhere else except in cultivated fields of one description or another, 

 being found with other plants, such as Gold of Pleasure, Corn Cockle, 

 Flax, &c., which are only found in cornfields or in waste places, when 

 they may reasonably be supposed to have sprung from a like origin. 



The first Latin name (from Greek) refers to the hard stony 

 character of the nuts or fruit. Corn Gromwell is a slender-stemmed 

 plant, erect, branched at the base, with narrowly elliptical, linear, 

 tapering, hairy leaves, the radical leaves stalked, the stem -leaves 

 stalkless, clasping, hairy, and the hairs are bulbous both sides. 



The flowers are small, creamy-white, growing in short cymes, 



