132 



ALES' HRDLIKA 



Notes: The length of the sternum as well as that of the manubrium 

 is best measured on the osteometric board; the breadth and thickness 

 of the bone are measured with the sliding compass. The thickness 

 of the body should be measured between the facets for the ribs. 



Among the anomalies are to be observed especially the foramen or 

 defect in the lower part of the bone, and the occurence of episternals. 



The relative proportions of the manubrium and body of the sternum 

 show sexual as well as group differences; and the same may be said in 

 regard to the fusion of the manubrium with the body of the bone. 



CLAVICLES 1 



Tribe Locality. 



Right 



Observer. 



Left 



Notes: The length of the clavicle is best determined on the osteometric 

 board, but may also be measured by the small or the large sliding 

 compass. 



The comparison of the length of the clavicle with the length of 

 the humerus (daviculo-humeral index) is useful as an indication of the 

 relative development of the thorax. 



The acromial extremity may in rare cases be separated; a few other 

 anomalies may also occur. 



Butt. Soc. d'Anthrop. Paris, 1901, II, 19-43. Dwight (Thos.) The Sternum as 

 an index of sex, height and age. J. Anal. & Physiol., 1890, XXIV, 527-535. Krause 

 (W.) Ueber das weibliche Sternum. Intern. Monatsschr. f. Anat. & Physiol. , 

 1897, XIV, 21-32. Parker (W. J.) Structure and development of the Shoulder 

 Girdle and Sternum in the Vertebrates. Roy. Soc. Publ., Lond., 1868. Paterson 

 (A. M.) The human sternum. Liverpool, 1904; also Brit. Med. J., 1902, II; and 

 J. Anat. & Physiol., 1900, XXXV, Pt. 1. 



1 Consult Pasteau (E.) Recherches sur les proportions de la Clavicule. These 

 m6d., Paris, 1879; also Parsons (F. G.) On the proportions and characteristics of 

 the modern English Claricle. /. Anat., Lond., 1916, LI, 71-93. 



1 SI = slender; ra = medium; str = strong; mas = massive. 



8 SI = slight; m = medium; pron = pronounced. 



