GENUS :8. 



SEDGE FAMILY. 



3S7 



80. Carex aenea Fernald. Fernald's Hay Sedge. 

 Fig. 947. 



Carex' foenea var. sparsi flora Howe, Rep. N. Y. Mus. Nat. 



Hist. 48: 44. 1895. Not C. sparsi flora Fries. 

 Carex aenea Fernald, Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 480. 1902. 



Culms slender, nodding, i$-3 high, ^smooth except 

 immediately below head. Leaves ii"-2" wide, shorter 

 than the culm ; lower one or two bracts present but not 

 conspicuous; spikes 3-12 in a moniliform or loose head 

 li'-3' long, all separate or upper aggregated, oblong, 

 3i"-i2" long, 2i"-3^" thick, rounded at apex, clavate 

 at base, densely many-flowered ; perigynia appressed- 

 ascending, or loosely ascending in age, ovate, narrowly 

 wing-margined, rounded at base, 2"-2\" long, \"-\\" 

 wide, tapering into a rough 2-toothed beak less than 

 half the length of the nerveless or obscurely nerved 

 body ; scales ovate, acute or short-acuminate, white- 

 hyaline with darker center, as wide and as long as peri- 

 gynia; stigmas 2. 



In dry places, Labrador to Connecticut, west to Michigan 

 and British Columbia. May-July. 



81. Carex foenea Willd. Hay Sedge. Fig. 948. 



Carex foenea Willd. Enum. 957. 1809. 



Carex argyrantha Tuckerm. ; Wood, Class-book, 753. 1860. 

 Carex foenea var. perplexa Bailey, Mem. Torr. Club i : 27. 

 1889. 



Rather light green, culm little roughened above, erect or 

 the summit nodding, i-3$ tall. Leaves flat, soft, i"-2" 

 wide, shorter than the culm ; bracts very short or wanting ; 

 inflorescence usually moniliform or flexuous, not stiff; 

 spikes 4~i$, subglobose or short-oblong, narrowed at the 

 base, 3"-o/ long, 2i"-3" in diameter, silvery green, all sepa- 

 rated or the upper contiguous ; staminate flowers basal ; 

 perigynia ovate, thin, \\"2\" long and about i" wide, 

 wing-margined, strongly several-nerved on both faces, 

 tapering into a short rough 2-toothed beak half the length 

 of body or less; scales silvery hyaline with darker center, 

 ovate, acute to acuminate, about equalling the perigynia 

 in length and concealing them; stigmas 2. 



In dry woods, often on rocks, Newfoundland to British Co- 

 lumbia, south to Virginia and Iowa. May-July. 



82. Carex Willdenovii Schk. Willdenow's Sedge. Fig. 949. 



Carex Willdenovii Schk.; Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 211. 1805. 



Glabrous and pale green, culms from very short 

 to 10' high, little serrulate. Leaves much elongated, 

 nearly erect, rather stiff, i"-ii" wide, 4'-is' long, 

 very much overtopping the spikes, lowest reduced 

 to bladeless sheaths; spikes 1-5, androgynous, or 

 sometimes completely staminate, i' long or less, the 

 uppermost on filiform stalks 3'~7' long, the lower 

 often appearing nearly basal, the stalks much shorter; 

 pistillate flowers 3-9; body of the perigynium ob- 

 long, smooth, i"-ii" long, rather less than i" thick, 

 narrowed into a flattened 2-edged rough beak of 

 about its own 'length; scales acute, acuminate or 

 awned, finely several-nerved, the lower I or 2 com- 

 monly bract-like and often foliaceous and overtop- 

 ping the spike ; stigmas 3. 



In dry woods and thickets, Massachusetts to Ohio, 

 * Michigan and Manitoba, south to Florida, Kentucky and 

 Texas. April-July. 



