GENUS 18. 



SEDGE FAMILY. 



182. Carex Haydeni Dewey. Hayden's Sedge. 

 Fig. 1049. 



Carex aperta Carey, in A. Gray, Man. 547. 1848. Not 



Boott, 1840. 



C. Haydeni Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. (II.) 18 : 103. 1854. 

 C. stricta var. decora Bailey, Bot. Gaz. 13 : 85. 1888. 



Gabrous, similar to small forms of C. stricta, culms 

 slender, rough above, seldom over 2 high. Leaves 

 i"-ii" wide, rough-margined, shorter than or some- 

 times a little overtopping the culm, the lower sheaths 

 slightly or not at all filamentose ; lower bract foliaceous, 

 about equalling the culm; pistillate spikes linear-cylin- 

 dric, 6"-is" long, about 2" in diameter, erect or some- 

 what spreading, all sessile or nearly so, sometimes with 

 a few staminate flowers at the summit ; perigynia sub- 

 orbicular or obovate, obtuse, about 3" broad, faintly 

 2-4-nerved, minutely beaked, the orifice entire; scales 

 lanceolate, purplish, spreading, very acute, strongly ex- 

 ceeding the perigynia ; stigmas 2. 



Swamps, New Brunswick to Minnesota, south to New Jersey and Missouri. 



183. Carex torta Boott. Twisted Sedge. Fig. 1050. 



Carex torta Boott; Tuckerm. Enum. Meth. n. 



Glabrous, rather light green, in rather loose 

 clumps, culms thick at base, aphyllopodic, erect, 

 smooth or slightly scabrous above, ii-3 tall, from 

 thick hard rootstocks, short-stoloniferous. Leaves 

 about 2" wide, those of the fertile culm very short; 

 sheaths not filamentose ; lower bract leaf-like, sheath- 

 less or short-sheathing; staminate spike usually one, 

 stalked ; pistillate spikes 3-6, erect, spreading or 

 drooping, slender-peduncled or upper often sessile, 

 linear, i'~3' long, about 2" in diameter, sometimes 

 compound, often loosely flowered toward the base; 

 perigynia oblong or narrowly ovate, green, nerveless, 

 i"-ii" long, the short beak more or less twisted 

 when dried ; scales ovate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, 

 dark with a green midvein, shorter and mostly nar- 

 rower than the perigynia ; stigmas 2. 



Generally in rocky beds of streams, Quebec to Minne- 

 sota, south to North Carolina and Missouri. Ascends 

 to 2600 ft. in Virginia. June-July. 



184. Carex concolor R. Br. Bigelow's Sedge. Fig. 1051.- 



Carex rigida Gooden. Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 193. pi. 22. 



1794. Not Schrank, 1789. 



Carex concolor R. Br. in Parry's Voy. App. 283. 1823. 

 Carex Bigelovii Torr. ; Schwein. Ann. Lye. N. Y. i : 67. 



1824. 

 Carex hyperborea Drej. Rev. Crit. Car. 43. 1841. 



Glabrous and smooth throughout or very nearly 

 so, culms phyllopodic, usually low and rigid, in 

 small clumps, sharp-angled, erect, 4'-i8' tall, freely 

 short-stoloniferous, the rootstocks stout, scaly. Leaves 

 li" 3$" wide, with revolute margins, not exceeding 

 the culm, the lower bracts similar, but shorter; 

 staminate spike stalked, sometimes pistillate at the 

 base; pistillate spikes 1-4, short-oblong to linear- 

 cylindric, usually loosely flowered at the base, dense 

 above, 3"-2o" long, ii"-2^" thick, the upper sessile. 

 the lower often slender-stalked; perigynia oval, li"- 

 li" long, ascending, faintly nerved or nerveless, 

 scarcely beaked, the orifice entire; scales purple- 

 brown with a narrow light midvein and often with 

 hyaline margins, obtuse or the lower acutish, equal- 

 ling or a little exceeding the perigynia ; stigmas 2, 

 rarely 3. 



Greenland to Alaska, south to the higher mountains of northern New England and New York, 

 Colorado and California. Also in Europe and Asia. Very variable. Summer. 



