632 



MORACEAE. 



VOL. I. 



a filiform simple long-exserted style, the calyces becoming fleshy and enlarged in fruit, 

 densely aggregated into a large globular head. Endosperm none; embryo curved. [Name 

 Greek, signifying bow-wood.] 



A monotypic genus of the south-central United States ; its name originally printed, by typo- 

 graphical error, loxylon. 



i. Toxylon pomiferum Raf. Osage or Wild Orange. Fig. 1552. 



T. pomiferum Raf. Am. Month. Mag. 2 : 118. 1817. 

 Madura aurantiaca Nutt. Gen. 2 : 234. 1818. 

 Madura pomifera Schneider, Handb. Laubh. i : 806. 

 1906. 



A tree with ridged brown bark, and spreading 

 branches; maximum height about 60, and trunk 

 diameter 2\ ; foliage puberulent when young, gla- 

 brous when mature. Leaves ovate, ovate-lanceolate 

 or ovate-oblong, glossy, entire, 3'-6' long, apex 

 acuminate, base obtuse, truncate or subcordate ; 

 petioles 2 '-2' long; axillary spines straight, some- 

 times 3' long ; staminate racemes \'-\' long, usually 

 numerous; flowers about i" broad; head of pistil- 

 late flowers peduncled, pendulous, about i' in diam- 

 eter, ripening into a hard yellowish tubercled syncarp 

 2'-6' in diameter. 



In rich soil, Missouri and Kansas to Texas. Wood 

 hard, very strong, dense, durable ; color bright orange ; 

 weight per cubic foot 48 Ibs. Much planted for hedges 

 and occasionally spontaneous in the East. May-June. 

 Fruit ripe Oct.-Nov. Bow- or yellow-wood. Hedge- 

 plant. Osage. Osage-apple. 



3. PAPYRIUS Lam. Encycl. 3: 382. 1797. Tabl. Encycl. pi. 762. 1798. 

 [BROUSSONETIA L'Her; Vent. Tabl. 3: 547. 1799. Not Ortega, 1798.] 



Trees, with milky sap, the leaves alternate, petioled, entire, serrate, or 3-5-lobed, 3-nerved 

 at the base. Flowers dioecious, the staminate in cylindric ament-like spikes, the pistillate 

 capitate. Staminate flowers with a deeply 4-cleft perianth, 4 stamens, and a minute rudi- 

 mentary ovary. Pistillate flowers with an ovoid or tubular 3-4-toothed perianth, a stalked 

 ovary and a 2-cleft style. Head of fruit globular, the drupes red, exserted beyond the per- 

 sistent perianth. [Name in allusion to the use of the bark in paper-making.] 



About 4 species, natives of eastern Asia, the following being the type. 



i. Papyrius papyrifera (L.) Kuntze. Paper Mulberry. Fig. 1553. 



Morus papyrifera L. Sp. PI. 986. 1753. 

 Broussonetia papyrifera Vent. Tabl. 3 : 548. 1 799. 

 P. papyrifera Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 629. 1891. 



A small tree, sometimes 40 high, the young 

 shoots hirsute-tomentose. Leaves mostly ovate, 

 thin, long-petioled, serrate nearly all around, 

 often deeply 3-lobed, sometimes with a lobe on 

 one side only, as in Sassafras, rarely 5-lobed, 

 rough above, tomentose beneath, 3'-8' long, the 

 sinuses rounded ; petioles '-3' long, hirsute- 

 tomentose, at least when young; spikes of stami- 

 nate flowers 2'-3' long; peduncled; heads of pis- 

 tillate flowers l'-i' in diameter, stout-peduncled. 



Escaped from cultivation, southern New York to 

 Georgia and Missouri. May-June. Otaheite Mul- 

 berry. Cut-paper. 



Ficus Carica L., the Fig, a shrub with deeply lobed 

 leaves and hollow pear-shaped receptacles lined with 

 minute imperfect flowers, is occasionally spontaneous 

 or persistent after cultivation from Virginia and 

 West Virginia to Florida and Texas. 



