Panicum."] CLXXIII. GRAMINEJB. (J. D. Hooker.) 41 



t. 139, f. 221 & t. 146, f. 2. ; Dalz. Sf Gils. Bomb. Fl. 316. P. caudatmn, 

 ' Thunl). Fl. Cap. i. 393. P. immdatum, Kunth Revis. Gram. i. 34 ; Enum. 

 PL i. 88. P. spiciforme, Hoclist ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss, ii. 359.' P.. 

 stagninum, Herb. Ham. ex Wall. Cat. n. 8695 D (non Retz). P. turritum, 

 Thunb. in Mus. Nat. Acad. Upsal. x. 148. P. uliginosum, Roth Nov. PI. 

 ftp. 50. Hymen achne interrupta, Buhse in Miq. PL Jungh. i. 377 ; Miq. 

 Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 458; Steud. I. c. 101. 



Swamps; from the UPPER GANGETIC PLAIN to ASSAM and BCJRMA, and south- 

 ward to CEYLON DISTK.IB. China, Malaya, Afr. trop. 



Stem 3-5 ft., lower internodes often as thick as the thumb, rooting. Leaves 

 6-12 by - in., many-nerved, base hardly contracted ; sheath smooth ; ligule 

 short, membranous. Spike 6-10 in. by in. diam., strict ; rachis stout, terete, 

 channelled. Spikelets spreading, much longer than their pedicels, gi-een, her- 

 baceous. Very near the American P. vilfoides, Trin. (fluviatile, Nees). Bentham 

 reduces P. interruptum to P. myurus, but they are very different plants. 



23. P. indicum, Linn. Mant. ii. 184; stem slender, leaves linear 

 glabrous or hirsute base narrow, panicle spiciform oblong or cylindric 

 dense fld. branches very short, spikelets longer than their pedicel yV~i i n - 

 crowded ovoid or oblong subacute straight or curved glabrous or hispid, 

 gl. I = about $ III 3-nerved, II ovoid cymbiform obtuse or subacute 

 7-9-nerved, III as long as II oblong obtuse 7-9-nerved, palea -minute, IV 

 minute ovoid subacnte. Retz. Obs. iii. 9 ; Kunth Enum. PI. i. 133 ; Steud. 

 Syn. Gram. 84 ; Trin. Diss. ii. 170, Pan. Gen. 84, Sp. Gram. Ic. 197 ; Boxb. 

 Fl. Ind. i. 2S$ ; Thw. Enum. PI. Zeyl. 361 (excl. CP. 909) ; Trim. Gat. Geyl. 



Notul. iii. 39, 40, Ir. PI. Asiat. t. 147, f. 1; Dutkie Grass. N.W. Ind. 5, 

 Fodd. Grass N. Ind. 9. P. contractum, Wight fy Arn. ex Nees in Herb. 

 Wight ; Steud. 1. c. 84. P. conglomeratum, Herb. Rottl. ; ? Linn. Mant. 

 324; Kunth I.e. 133. P. interruptum, Wall. Gat. n. 8695 C. partim. P. 

 Johannse & incurvura, Herb. Linn, ex Munro in Journ. Linn. Soc.vi. 39. 

 P. microstachyum, Lamk. III. i. 170, JEncycl. iv. 739; Kunth I.e. 88. P. 

 myosurus, Rich in Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. i. (1792) 106. P. myurus, 

 Lamk. III. i. 172. P. phalaroides, Roem. fy Sch. Syst. ii. 452. P. phleoides, 

 Br. ex Kunth 1. c. Hymenachne indica, Buhse ex Miq- Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 

 458. H. ? phalaroides, Nees Agrost. 276; Steud. 1. c. 202. PAira indica, 

 Linn. Sp. PI. Ed. 2. 94. Panicum, Wall. Cat. n. 8696 B. C. (in part) 

 D. E. F. (in part) G. H., 8697, & 8698. 



Tropical and subtropical INDIA (ascending 6000 ft. in the Himalaya) from 

 Garwhal eastwards and southwards. CEYLON. DISTRIB. Trop. Asia and Australia. 

 (Mexico,,an alien). 



P. indicum appears to pass insensibly into P. interruptum and P. myosuroides, 

 the former of which differs in its stouter habit, the latter in its caudiform spike and 

 more minute rounded spikelets. Though so abundant in the, Plains to the eastward 

 of the Jumna, I -have seen no specimens from the west of that river"; nor from 

 Africa. The following are the principal Indian forms, in describing which I have 

 used the word spike in a conventional sense. - 



Var. indicum proper ; stem 6-18 in. erect or decumbent at the base, leaves 

 narrow, spikes -J-2 in. cylindric green whitish or blue-purple, spikelets T V"g- i n 

 ovate-lanceolate acute straight or decurved glabrous or sparsely setose. The common 

 Plains form. P. phalaroides, Roem. & Sch. is a common state with more setose 

 spikelets ; it is P. indicum, (B, Wight Cat. 1611 B. 



