46 CLXXIII. GRAMINE2E. (J. D. Hooker:) . [Panicum. 



far from satisfied that I have not erred in the synonyms cited for these three species, 

 which are almost inextricably mixed. For a learned discussion on the Millet, the 

 cultivation of which in Europe dates from prehistoric times, see A.'de Candolle's 

 " Origine de Plantes Cultives," p. 302. Muuro has attached the fallowing to a speci- 

 men from Bombay (Woodrow, No. 89), " I believe this to be an uncultivated form of 

 P. mitiaceum " it has spinulosely toothed scabrid leaves, and a perfectly erect 

 panicle with very long erect branches, and few spikelets. 



32. P. miliare, Lamk. III. Gen. 173 ; leaves linear hairy base rounded, 

 panicle contracted or thyrsiform much branched erect or nodding, brunches 

 slender erect alternate, spikelets T V~| in. solitary or geminate usually 

 shorter than their pedicels turgidly ovoid or ellipsoid acute, gl. I = III 

 broadly ovate acute 3-5 : nervecl, nerves arching, II ovate-lanceolate 

 11-lo-uerved, III 9-nerved paleate neuter, IV froni oblong to broadly 

 ovate acute shining often 3-5-streaked dorsally. ftottl. in Neue Sckrift. 

 Ges. Naturf. Berol. iv. (1803) 83 ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 309; Wall. Cat. 8712 

 C. in part, F. G. H. I. ; Wight Gat. n. 1629 ; Kunth Enum. PL i. 104 ? Trim. 

 Cnt.rCeyl PL 105; Aitchis. 'Cat. Punjab PI. 159; Nee* Fl. Afr. Austr. 

 40 ; tiuthie Grass. N. W. Ind. 5, Field. & Gard. Crops. 7, t. 26, Indig. Fodd. 

 Grass*, .t. 46, Fodd. Grass. N. Ind. 10. P. atten.uatum, Willd. Enum. 

 Hort. ero/..1033; Nees Agrost. Bras. 173; 2Vm. piss. ii. 226. P. 

 brevifolium, Balb. ex Nees Fl. Afr. Austr. 40. P. Menieri, Koen. ex Nees 

 1. c. P. miliaceutn, Thw. JEnum. PI. Zeyl. 360. P. miliaoeum, var. Rottl. 

 in Neue Sckrift. 1. c. P. musciparum, Herb. Linn, ex Munro in Journ. 

 Linn. ..Sop. vi. (1862) 39. P. psilopodium, Wight Gat. n. 1633a. P. 

 simplex, 'Rottl. ex Trin. Gram. Panic. 216 ; Steud. $vn. Gram. 67. P. 

 sumatrense, Roth Nov. Sp. 50; Kunth I. c Panicum, Wall. Cat. n. 8718 B, 

 8720. 



Cultivated or naturalized (or native ?) throughout INDIA and CEYLON. DISTEIB. 

 Tropics cult. 



Annual. Stem 1-3 ft., rather slender, erect or base geniculate, simple or branched, 

 usually leafy up to the panicle. Leaves 1-2 ft. by J-l in., flat, and sheaths. rarely 

 hirsute with tobercle-based hairs, acute or acuminate ; ligule a narrow row of 

 hairs. Panicle 2-10 in., lower branches long, pedicels of spikelets sometimes \ in. 

 Spikelets glabrous, rather flattened, usually green or purplish ; gl. I variable, white, 

 membranous, margins overlapping at the base, nerves arching and anastomosing ; II 

 and III herbaceous ; palea of III as long as its gl. If I remember aright P. miliare 

 was conjectured by Muuro to be a cultivated form of P. psilopodium ; and except in 

 the greater size, more contracted panicle, rather larger spikelets and usually shorter 

 pedicels of P. mdiare I -fail to find characters whereby to separate them, and 

 these are not very reliable. In its common state the grain of miliare is broader than in 

 any form of psilopodium and much darker colrd. P. simplex, Rottl. is a weak flaccid 

 form from Tranquebar, growing in shade. Triuius distinguishes it from P. psilopodium, 

 by the scabrid pedicels of the spikelets, but they are quite glabrous iu bottler's speci- 

 men of simplex. I am not at all satisfied that I have rightly identified the synonymy 

 of this and P. psilopodium. 



Var. hirtum; upper leaf-sheaths with long spreadinghairs. P. hrrtum, Wall. mss. 

 in Herb. Linn. Soc. Panicum, Wall. Cat. n. 8718 (in part). Burma, Wallich. 

 Wallich's sheet has tbree different looking plants; viz. 8718 A, from Malloon, with 

 the panicle of psilopodium, and hirsute sheaths; B from tbe banks of the Irawaddy 

 with hirsute sheaths and the panicle of miliare ; along with these is a plant with a 

 similar panicle to the last but with glabrous sheaths. 



33. P. psilopodium, Trin. Gram. Panic. 217 ; leaves narrow glabrous 

 base rounded, panicle effuse branches capillary at length spreading, spike- 

 lets /,-g in. geminate 'ovate-lanceolate acute, pedicels capillary usually 



