Panicum."] CLXXIII. GRAMINE^I. (J. D. Hooker.) 55 



Cuming's n. 2284, Miquel says, stem villous under the panicle. Benth. (Fl. Hongk.) 

 refers concinnum to sarmentosum, and includes incomptum. I do not tind the 

 Hongkong specimen in Herb. Kew. There are no spe imens of this in Herb. Linn. 

 Soc. and Wallich's ticket No. 8709 has A. Hb. Finlayson, B. Silhet, C. Penang, 

 D. Tavoy, E. Singapore. 



Sect. VII. PTTCHOPHYLLTJM. (See p. 28.) 



48. P. plicatum, Larnk. Encycl.iv. 736 ; perennial, leaves plicate from 

 linear-lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, panicle elongate .lax-fld., branchlets 

 often ending in a stiff bristle, gl. I = | III or more orbicular-ovate 5- 

 nerved, II = i IV or longer 5-7-nerved obtuse, III = IVdorsally flattened 

 acute 5-9-nerved, IV ovate-lanceolate rugulose. Jacq. Eclog. Gram. i. t. 

 1 ; Trin. Gram. Panic. 183, Gen. Pan. 161, Sp. Gram. Ic. t. 223 ; Kunth 

 Enum. PI. i. 94 ; Wall. Cat. n. 8705 ; Griff. Notul. iii. 24, Ic. PL Asiat. t. 

 139, fig. 229 ; Thw. Enum. PI. Zeyl. 360 (excl. P. costatum) ; Trim. Cat. 

 Ceyl. PI. 105; Duthie Grass. N.W. Ind. 6, Fodd. Grass. N. Ind. 11; 

 Benth. Fl. Hongk. 411 ; Anderss. in Walp. Ann. vi. 944. P. amplissimum, 

 Steud. 1. c. 54. P. asperatum, Kunth tievis. Gram. i. 39, Enum. PI. I. c. 

 39; Miqutl Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 456. P. excnrrens, Trin. Pan. Gen. 131, 249, 

 Sp. Gram. Ic. t. 49 ; Kunth Enum. i. 94 ; Benth. Fl. Hong/c. 412, excl. syn. 

 P. Kleinianum, Nees ex Anderss. in Walp. Ann. vi. 946. P L no, Steud. 

 1. c. 54. P. mauritianum, Willd. ex Spreng. Syst. i. 305. P. nepalense, 

 Spreng. I. c. 321 ; Kunth Enum. i. 94 ; Dalz. ' & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 291 ; 

 Aitchis. Cat. Panjab PL 160 ; Miq. I.e. 448. P. nervosum, Roxb. Fl. Ind. 

 i. 311; Wall. Cat. n. 8702. P. neurodes, Schult. Mant.ii. 228; Wight 

 Cat.n. 1647; Anderss. I.e. 945; Duthie Grass N.W. Ind. 5. P. paucise- 

 tum, Steud. 1. c. 52. P. palmifolmm, Koen. in Naturforsch. xxiii. (1788) 

 208; Kuntfi Enum. 93; Anderss. l.c 945. P. Wallichianum, Nees Fl. 

 Afr. Austr. 49 ; Miq. l.c. 449. Panicum, Wall. Cat. n. 8703. 



Throughout the moister hilly parts of India, from KUMAON in the Himalaya 

 eastward, ascending to 5000 ft. in SIKKIM, the Shan Hills in BURMA, the NIL- 

 GHIKIS, alt. 6000 ft., the MALAY PENINSULA, and CEYLON. DISTRIB. China, 

 Malay Islands. 



'Stem 1-8 ft., erect or ascending from a woody branched stock, from the thickness 

 of a sparrow's to a swan's quill, leafy. Leaves 6-24 by -4 in., finely acuminate, 

 sessile on the sheath or pelioled, membranous or chartaceous, glabrous or sparsely 

 hairy ; slieath sometimes hispid, mouth ciliute ; ligule short. Panicle thyrsoid, striate 

 and erect with short branches, or effuse and drooping, 1-2 ft. long, with branches 2-4 in. 

 long (spiciform in reduced states) ; branches, pedicels and their setiferous scabrid tips 

 green or purplish. Spikelets % in., ovoid ; gl. I = III or less, very broadly ovate, 

 obtuse or acute, 5-7-nerved, paleate or not, male or neuter ; IV acuminate, coriaceous, 

 more or less rugulose. Afcer a study of an immense suite of specimens of this species 

 from all parts of India, I am unable to follow Andersson (in Walp. Ann. 1. c.) in his 

 separation of it into plicatum,, palmifolium, neurodes 'And the seven vars. of the latter. 

 These are, I thiuk, all forms chiefly dependent on climate and age. Lauiark's P. 

 plicatum was described (1797) from a cultivated specimen of uncertain origin 

 (Mauritius or St. Domingo), but Jacquin's excellent figure of it leaves no doubt of 

 its identity with the Indian plant, for it resembles no American one. It has been 

 widely cultivated for nearly a century, and a garden specimen in Beutham's Herb, 

 supports the identification. I doubt P. palmifolium of Poiiet being specifically 

 different, it is described from an E. Indian specimen, though Grisebacli (Fl. Brit. 

 Ind. 547) identifies it with the W. Indian P. sulcatum, Aubl. Grisebach distinguishes 

 palmifolium from plicatum by gl. II of the latter shorter than IV, and longer in 

 palmifolium, but I find this a most variable character and not borne out by the 



