Festuca, 0. Stapf.] CLXXIII. GRAMINE.E. (J. D. Hooker.) 351 



Var. aristata, Stapf ; awn as long as the gl. or rather longer very slender, 

 anthers ii-i^ in., ovary (very young) glabrous. Bromus?, No. 15, Serb. Ind. Or. 

 Hf. $ T. Sikkim, alt. 11,000 ft. 



ft Fig. gls. |- T 3 o in. ; anthers linear, T y- in. ; panicle less wavy or 

 flaccid. 



6. F. kashmiriana, Xlupf', stems tufted, nodes 1-2 rarely 8 upper- 

 most below the middle, leaves ut the iimovs. hexagonal, panicle 2-5 in., 

 branches solitary lowest rarely geminate, spikelets -f in. elliptic-oblong 

 3-5-fld., gls. thinly membranous, fig. gls. oblong-lanceolate -J-J in., awn 

 = % gl. or longer, top of ovary densely hispid, grain loosely adherent to 

 the palea. F. durinscula, DutMe Grass. N.W. Ind. 41; Herb. Royle & 

 Hook.f. $ T. in part. 



TEMPBEATE and ALPINE HIMALAYA; from Kashmir to Kumaon, alt. 8- 

 14,000 ft. 



Stem 1-2 ft., innovations always apo-geotropic ; sheaths of (always ?) intra- 

 vaginal shoots, tight, smooth, closed to the middle or f , rarely higher. Leaves 

 (cauline) setaceous, usually shorter than of the innovations, rarely flat, more or less 

 puberulous above, smooth beneath, green, sulcate between the 5-7 nerves, bauds 

 of sclt-reuchyma distinct ; ligule short, truncate, ciliolate, scarcely auricled. Panicle 

 usually contracted, rather stiff or flexuous; rachis scaberulous or smooth below; 

 branches erect or spreading, filiform, scaberulous, sparingly divided from below the 

 middle ; lateral pedicels = the spikelet or shorter. Spikelets green or tinged 



oblong, 2-lobed. Anthers T V-g- in., linear. Grain | in., linear-oblong, grooved, 

 hilum nearly as long as the grain. I have seen only one specimen amongst all the 

 forms of F. Tcashmiriana with apparently (but by no means typical) extravaginal 

 innovations. Variegated specimens of the type resemble var. nigricans (F. nigricans, 

 fchleich.) of F. violacea, and F. rubra var. fallax, forma alpestris (F. nigreseens, 

 Lam.) from which they differ in absence of extravaginal shoots, more open sheaths, 

 and more hispid ovary with a slightly developed constriction below the top. 



Var. ligulata, Stapf ; more flaccid, leaves up to 1 ft., ligule up to T \ in. with 

 more or less acute auricles. F. violacea, var. virescens, and F. rubra genuina, Hack, 

 mss. Kashmir, alt. 11-13,000 ft., Duthie. 



Var. debilis, Stapf; very flaccid, cauline leaves up to 8 by -^ in. pubescent 

 above, nerves very prominent beneath, panicle flaccid, spikelets green, awn long or 

 short. F. heterophylla, Lamk. ex Hack. mss. ; Qriseb. in Goett. Nachr. (1868) 73. 

 Kashmir, alt. 8-12,000 ft., Duthie. Approaches closely shade forms of F. hetero- 

 phylla, differing only in the structure of the leaves. 



Var. simlensis, Stapf; taller, more robust, cauline leaves up to 1 ft. by -J^ in. 

 almost flat, ligule short, panicle 6-12 in., spikelets |-f in., internodes of rachilla up 

 to | in., gl. I -i- i in., II -i~ in., fig. gls. up to in., awn = the gl. or rather shorter. 

 F. duriuscula, Herb. H. f. fy T. (in part). ? F. ovina, Griseb. in Goett. Nachr. 

 (1868) 73. Simla, alt. 7-8000 ft., Thomson, Duthie. Habit rather of F. duriuscula, 

 differing in the more closed sheaths and hairy tip of ovary. Distinguished from 

 certain forms of F. rubra, L., by the hairy ovary and absence of stolons. 



7. P. altaica, Trin. ex Ledeb. Fl. Alt. i. 109, Fl. Boss. iv. 354, Ic. 

 t. 228 ; stems tufted, nodes 1-2, leaves up to 9 in. subsetaceous, sheaths 

 crowded open to the middle latterly to the base, ligule very short, panicle 

 4-6 in', very loose, lower branches 2-nate long slender with 1-2 subterminal 

 spikelets, lateral pedicels equal to or longer than the 3-6-nd. variegated 

 spikelets which are |- in. long, glumes thin tips and margins hyaline, 



