Festuca, 0. Stapf.] CLXXIII. GRAMINEJJ. (J. D. Hooker.) 353 



percurrent or subexcurrent ; II f in., ovate-lanceolate; flg. gls. up to -) in., 

 nerves 5, faint ; awn slender, up to in.; palea = the gls., linear-oblong, shortly 

 2-fid, keels ciliolate. Lodicules obliquely ovate, sub-2-lobed. Anthers T V~i *" 

 Ovary with rarely 1-2 minute hairs. Grain f in., linear-oblong, grooved, some- 

 times adherent to both gl. and palea, hilum nearly equal the grain. It is impossible 

 to separate the hairy glumed from the glabrous forms ; these vary in specimens 

 from different localities, and Clarke has found them growing in the same spot in the 

 Karakoram Mts. To make a comparative analysis of the Indian forms with the 

 European and Oriental would involve a most minute examination of all the latter 

 and lead to the creation of a number of new varieties and subvarieties with ephemeral 

 characters. Most of the Indian specimens fall into Hackel's subsp. eur. rubra var. 

 genuina, and v&r.fallax (Monogr. Festuc. Europ. 138, 142). The glabrous stoloni- 

 ferous specimens answer more or less to his subvar. vulgaris ; those with short erect 

 or ascending innovations to v&r.fal/ax and mostly to forma alpestris, which has 

 thicker leaves and highly variegated spikelets ; the pubescent to his subvar. E. 

 barbata. The principal synonyms cited by Hackel for these forms are : F. alpestris, 

 Wulf. Fl. Nor. Phan. ~Ed. Fenzl, $ Graf, 151. F. barbata, Schrank Prim. PL 

 Salisb. 46. F. heterophylla, Hcenke in Jacq. Collect, ii. 93. F. hirsuta, Fl. Dan. 

 t. 1627? (non Host). F. Kitaibeliana, Schult. Mant. ii. 398 (for var. genuina). 

 F. longifolia, Hegetsch. Sf Heer Fl. Schw. 91. F. nigrescens, Lam. Encycl. ii. 460. 

 F. pubescens, Willd. Enum. PI. 6. F. repens, Hegetsch. # Heer I. c. 92. F. rubra, 

 var. baikalensis, Griseb. in Goett. Nachr. (1868) 74, is probably this. The true 

 F. baikalensis is not found in India. 



Var. Qlarkei, Stapf; extra vaginal innovations very rare slender, leaves sub- 

 setaceous cauline rarely flat, panicle 3-5 in. nodding, branches few subsecund lowest 

 up to 3 in. rigid or flexuous mostly obliquely erect, spikelets in. pale green, gl. I 

 | in., II in., flg. gls. -^ in., awn = to nearly all gl., anthers ^Vf in - grain 

 | in. Kangra and Dalhousie, alt. 7-8000 ft., Clarke. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-6000 ft., 

 Clarke (a form with setaceous leaves and very long anthers). 



B. Venation of leaves convolute, at length flat or subconvolute -rV~T 7 o * n - 

 broad. 



* Flowers hermaphrodite ; innovations (when known) extra vaginal, 

 f Flg. gls. awned, awn as long as the gl. or longer, very slender. 



10. F. grigrantea* Vill. Hist. PL Daupk. ii. 110 ; leaves amplexicaul, 

 panicle 4-16 in., branches rather distant undivided to the middle, spikelets 

 about ^ in., flg. gls. ^y-| in., awn twice as long, anthers linear. Kunih, 

 Enum. PI. i. 407, Suppl. 339 ; fieichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 358 ; Engl. Bot. 

 t. 1820; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. iv. 354, Boiss. Ft. Orient, v. 621 ; Duthie Grass. 

 N.W. Ind. 41 ; Griseb. in Goett. Nachr. (1868) 74 (in part). F. aristata, 

 C. Koch in Linnsea, xxi. (1848) 412. F. triflora, 8m. Engl. Bot. t. 1918; 

 Desf. Fl. Atlant. 6, t. 20. Bromus giganteus, Linn. Sp. PI. 77; Fl. 

 Dan. t. 1630 ; Reichb. 1. c. t. 76 ; Knapp Gram. Britt. t. 87 ; Host Gram. 

 Austr. 87, t. 6. B. triflorus, Linn. Sp. PI. Ed. ii. 115 ; Fl. Dan. t. 440. 



TEMP. HIMALAYA ; from Kashmir to Kumaon, alt. 5-9500 ft. DISTEIB. Europe, 

 K. Asia. 



Rootstoclc very short', roots fibrous. Stems loosely tufted, 2-4 ft., smooth, nodes 

 3-5. Leaves 5-12 by -i- in., linear to linear-lanceolate, finely acuminate, flat, 

 flaccid, dark green, loosely many-nerved, smooth, margins minutely scaberulous ; 

 sheaths of innovs. terete, open to the base, smooth or asperulous below the mouth ; 

 ligule vjery short, truncate, glabrous. Pam'cZ^inrate or oblong-ovate, nodding, 

 branches solitary or the lowermost binate, spreading, flexuous, scabrid ; branchlets 

 few-fld. spreading or appressed, pedicels short or the lower sometimes = the spikelet. 

 ts linear-lanceolate, pale green, rachilla scabrid ; gls. membranous, I $-$ in., 

 VOL. VII. A q, 



