B ami-lisa.'] CLXXIII. GRAMINE^. (Bamlusece, Gamble.) 395 



PI. i. 431 ; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. (1868) 101 ; Kurz Ind. Forester, 

 i. 340; Gamble Bamb. Brit. Ind. 50, t. 47. B. spinosa, Blnme ex Nees in 

 Pot. Zeit. (1825) 580. Ischurochloa spinosa, Buse in Mi< 2 . Pi. Jting/i. 389. 

 Schizostachyum Durie, Rupr. Bamb. 46. 



MALAY PENINSULA ; Pahang, Ridley. DISTRIB. Malay Islds. 



Stems 30-60 ft. or more, 3-4 in. diam., hard, smooth, glossy, nodes not pro- 

 minent, walls thick ; branches many, yellowish, copiously armed ; spines short 

 ternate, recurved. Stem-sheaths 5-6 by 3-4 in. broad, narrowed to a broad convex 

 mouth, thick, coriaceous, hispid with stiff tawny bristles, young striped violet-brown 

 and yellow ; blade nearly as broad as the sheath, triangular, cuspidate, convolute, 

 sides covered with tawny bristles, decurrent as a broad band ending in a rounded 

 auricle, both lined with long stiff bent bristles ; ligule narrow, toothed, long-fi in - 

 briate. Leaves 3-6 by in., glabrous, base rouuded, tip twisted scabrous, 

 glaucous beneath, nerves 5-7 ; sheath appressed hairy, callus recurved ciliate, mouth 

 sparsely bristly ; ligule truncate, fimbriate. Panicle large, terminal, branches 

 spiciform. Lodicules 3, long-ciliate. Grain obovoid, shining above, tipped with 

 the three stigmas. 



19. B. arundinacea, Willd. Sp. PI. 245 ; stem-sheaths long blade 

 with felted hairs within, leaves linear or linear-lanceolate glabrous or 

 slightly pubescent beneath, ligule short, spikelets -1 in- sessile lanceolate 

 acute, empty gls. 0-2 ovate-lanceolate acute or mucronate many-nerved, 

 fl. gls. 3-7 like the empty lower bisexual upper male with 2 or 3 uppermost 

 imperfect, keels of palea ciliate, anthers yellow obtuse, ovary elliptic- 

 oblong style short. Eeiz. Obs. v. 24 (Bambos) ; Roxb. Cor. PI. i. 56, t. 

 79, Fl. Ind. ii. 191 ; Poir. Fncycl. viii. 701 ; Kunth Enum. PL i. 431 ; Rupr. 

 Bamb. 51, t. 13. f. 50; G-rah. Gat. Bomb. PI. 239 ; Dalz. ft Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 

 299 ; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. (1868) 103 ; Brand. For. Fl. 564 ; 

 Beddome Fl. Sylv. t. ccxxi., Forest. Man. p. ccxxxi. ; Kurz For. Fl. Brit. 

 Burm. ii. 554; Thw. Enum. PI. Zeyl. 375; Trim. Gat. Geyl.Pl. 110; Wall. 

 Cat. n. 5023 A ; Dutliie Fodd. Grass. N. Ind. 70 ; Gamble Bamb. Brit. Ind. 

 51, t. 48. B. Arundo, Klein ex Nees in Linnsea, ix. (1834) 471; Rupr. 

 Bamb. 53, t. 13, f. 53 ; Wight ex Steud. Norn. Ed. II. i. 183. B. Neasiana, 

 Arn. ex Munro I. c. B. orientalis, Nees I. c. 475 ; Rupr. I. c. 52, 1. 13, f. 51 ; 

 Munro 1. c. 105 ; Beddome 1. c. p. ccxxxi. B. pungens, Blanco Fl. Filip. 

 Ed. I. 270. B. spinosa, Roxb. FL Ind. ii. 198 ; Ham. in Trans. Linn, Soc. 

 xiii. (1822) 480 ; Wall Cat. n. 5024 ; Nees 1. c. ; Rupr. I. c. 52, t. 12, f. 52, 

 t. 13, f. 52 ; Munro 1. c. 104; Beddome I. c. ; Brandis I. c. 566; Steud. Syn. 

 Gram. 329; Bentli. Fl. Hongk. 434. Arundo Bambos, Linn. Sp. PI. 81. 

 ' Ily,' Rheede Hort. Malab. i. t. 16. 



Throughout the Plains and low hills of INDIA and CEYLON, wild and cultivated. 

 (Cultivated only in the lower Himalaya and in the valleys of the Ganges and Indus.) 



Stems from a stout rootstock, 80-100 ft. and 6-7 in. diam., graceful and curving 

 (or short and thickly branched), branched from the base; nodes prominent, lower 

 with long horizontal shoots armed with 2-3 recurved spines ; internodes up to 18 in., 

 often subangular, the smaller flattened on one side, walls 1-2 in. thick. Stem- 

 sheaths 12-15 by 9-12 in., coriaceous, young orange-yellow often striped green or 

 red, top rounded, edges plaited, young thickly clothed with golden hairs ; blade 

 triangular, up to 4 in., acuminate, concave, glabrous without, matted within with 

 dark bristles ; margins involute, decurrent on the sheath, wavy, long and thickly 

 ciliate, hardly auricled; ligule narrow, entire, or fringed with white hairs. Leaves 

 up to 8 by 1 in., tip sharp stiff, base rounded ciliate, subtessellate by pellucid glands ; 

 sheath glabrous or nearly so, callus thick ciliate, auricle short. Panicle enormous, 

 often occupying the whole stem ; rachis usually stiff, shining, sometimes soft and 

 angular. Lodicules 3, small, firabriate. Anthers sometimes apiculate. Flowers 



