172 CRUCIFERAE. 



222. CARDAMINE. BITTER CRESS. 



Mostly glabrous leafy-stemmed perennial herbs, growing in 

 moist places; leaves entire, lobed or divided, all petioled; flowers 

 white (in ours) ; pod elongated, compressed parallel to the par- 

 tition; valves nerveless; seeds in 1 row, wingless. 



Leaves all simple, entire or nearly so. C. bellidifolia. 



Leaves, or some of them, pinnate. 



Basal leaves simple; cauline 3-5-foliolate. C. breweri. 



Basal leaves pinnate. 



Leaves all 3-foliolate, sometimes 5-foliolate; leaflets 



coarsely 3-5-toothed. C. angulata. 



Leaves 3-1 3-foliolate. 



Petals 4 mm. long; leaflets 7-13, orbicular. C. occidentalis. 



Petals 2-4 mm. long; leaflets 3-7. 



Flowers subumbellate; leaflets orbicular. C. kamtschatica. 



Flowers racemose; leaflets oblong or round- 

 ish. 

 Capsules 8-20-seeded; leaflets mostly 



roundish. C. oligosperma. 



Capsules 20-30-seeded; leaflets mostly 



oblong. C. pennsylvanica. 



Cardamine bellidifolia L. Tufted from a branched caudex; stems 2-3 cm. 

 high; leaves ovate to elliptical, entire or with one or two lateral teeth, mostly 

 obtuse, slender-petioled ; flowers 1-5, white; pods erect, 15-20 mm. long; 

 style very short and stout. 



At high altitudes in the mountains, not definitely known from our limits. 

 Mount Adams, Suksdorf. 



Cardamine breweri Wats. Perennial from slender rootstocks, glabrous 

 or a little pubescent; stems erect or nearly so, mostly branched, 20-30 cm. 

 high; basal leaves simple and cordate-orbicular, entire or sinuate, sometimes 

 pinnate with a pair of lateral leaflets; cauline pinnate, the leaflets orbicular 

 to oblong, usually sinuate, sometimes lobed; flowers white, the petals 4 mm. 

 long; pods erect or ascending, 15-25 mm. long; style short and thick. 



Mostly in the mountains along streams. 



Cardamine angulata Hook. Perennial from running rootstocks, glabrous 

 or sparsely hirsute; stems erect, mostly simple, 30-60 cm. high; leaves 3-5- 

 foliolate; leaflets subequal, ovate to oblong, mostly cuneate, the terminal one 

 3-5-toothed; petals white, 8-10 cm. long; pods spreading, 2-25 mm. long; 

 style stout, 2 mm. long. 



In wet places in woods, mostly near the ocean coast. 



Cardamine occidentalis (Wats.) Howell. Perennial from a short some- 

 what tuberous rootstock, glabrous or pubescent below; stems erect, 20-40 cm. 

 high; leaves all pinnate with 3-6 pairs of leaflets; leaflets subentire, those of 

 the basal leaves rounded, of the cauline obovate to oblong or linear; petals 

 white, 4 mm. long; pods 2-2.5 cm. long, very slender, erect or nearly so; stigma 

 nearly sessile. 



In wet places, infrequent. 



Cardamine kamtschatica (Regel) Schulz. Perennial from slender root- 

 stocks, glabrous or nearly so; stems several, erect, 15-30 cm. high; leaves 

 pinnate, the basal with 3-5 rounded or oval, the cauline with 5-7 oblong 

 subentire leaflets; flowers few, in a short corymb; pods crowded, erect, 2-2.5 

 cm. long, slender, prominently beaked. 



Along rills at high altitudes in the mountains. 



