GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS USED. xxv 



ECHINATE : beset with prickles or spines. 



EFFUSE : loosely and widely spreading. 



ELLIPSOID : an elliptical solid body. 



EMARGINATE : rather deeply notched at the apex. 



EMBRYO : the incipient new plant within the seed. 



ENDOCARP : the inner layer of the wall of a fertilized ovary or a fruit. 



ENSIFORM : sword-shaped. 



EPICALYX : a whorl of bracts on or just below the calyx and more or 



less resembling it. 



EPICARP : the external layer of the wall of a fertilized ovary or a 



fruit. 

 EPICHILE : the terminal part of the lip of an orchid flower when it is 



distinct from the hypochile. 



EPIGYNOUS : borne on the ovary or apparently so. 

 EPIPHYTE : a plant growing on another. 

 EQUABLE : even ; uniform. 

 EQUITANT : folded over as if astride ; said of leaves when in vertical 



rows with the bases of the outer sheathing those of the inner. 

 EROSE : eroded ; appearing torn or frayed at the edge. 

 EXCURRENT : running out beyond the tip or margin. 

 EXOCARP : the outer layer of a pericarp. 

 EXOGENOUS : arising from the superficial tissues. 

 EXTRORSE : directed outwards ; often referring to the opening of 



anthers. 



FALCATE : sickle-shaped. 



-FARious: a suffix indicating parts, e. g. bifarious, in 2 parts; quadri- 



farious, in 4 parts. 

 FASCICLE : a close cluster or bundle. 

 FASTIGIATE : with branches all clustered and erect. 

 FENESTRATE : pierced with holes. 



-FERGUS : a suffic meaning bearing, e. g. floriferous, bearing flowers. 

 FERTILE : capable of producing fruit ; also used of stamens provided 



with pollen. 



-FID : cleft ; e. g. bifid, 2-cleft. 



FILAMENT : the stalk of an anther ; any thread-like body. 

 FILIFORM : thread-shaped. 

 FIMBRIATE : fringed. 



FISTULAR : hollow throughout the length. 

 FLABELLATE : fan-shaped. 

 FLACCID : limp, flabby. 

 FLAGELLUM : a whip-like appendage. 



