ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES. xxxix 



in 2 bundles of 3 united ; fruit without par- 

 tition IX. FUMARIACEAE. 



Sepals 4 ; petals 4, uniform ; stamens in 2 rows, 

 free, filaments of inner 4 long, of outer 2 

 shorter ; fruit with an internal partition 



X. CRUCIFERAE. 



Petals usually 5, sometimes 4, rarely 2-3 ; perfect 

 stamens as many as or twice as many as the 

 sepals and petals, rarely fewer, never 6 : 

 Ovary 1 -celled ; sepals usually persistent : 

 Leaves developed, flat, never scale-like : 

 Stamens as many as the sepals ; placentas 

 parietal : 



Leaves stipulate ; ovary 1-celled ; sap 

 not pungent ; herbs with irregular 

 corolla or trees with regular corolla 



XIII. VlOLACEAE. 



Leaves exstipulate ; ovary incompletely 

 2-3-celled ; sap pungent ; trees 



XV. PlTTOSPORACEAE. 



Stamens twice as many as the sepals ; 

 placenta,, free-central ; herbs 



XVII. CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 

 Leaves minute, scale-like ; shrubs 



XIX. TAMARICACEAE. 



Ovary 2- or more-celled ; or if 1-celled, then 

 distinctly stipitate : 



Filaments of anthers free ; or if united at 

 the base (some Geraniaceae), then with 

 compound or deeply palmately lobed 

 leaves : 



Leaves stipulate : 



Seeds many, attached to the inner angles 

 of the cells ; flowers regular ; carpels 

 as many as the sepals ; small herbs with 

 simple, opposite leaves 



XX. ELATINACEAE. 



Seed 1 in each cell, less often 2 ; if more 

 than 2 and attached to the inner angles 

 of the cells, then flowers irregular or 

 leaves compound : 

 Seeds pendulous : 



