ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Ivii 



whorled, often unequal-sided ; stamens 2-4, 

 filaments short, free ; anthers 2-celled ; ovule 

 erect ; herbs or shrubs, often aromatic, some- 

 times scandent CXXIII. PIPERACEAE. 



Flowers spuriously bisexual, the $ and $ 

 connate on a bract ; leaves opposite, equal- 

 sided ; stamens 1, or 3 confluent and then the 

 central anther 2-celled, the two lateral 1 -celled ; 

 ovule pendulous ; erect shrubs 



CXXIV. CHLORANTHACEAE. 



Seeds with little or no albumen and a large 

 embryo filling the seed-coats ; or if albumen 

 copious, then the embryo nearly or quite as long 

 as the albumen ; flowers generally 1 -sexual, often 

 dioecious, rarely bisexual or polygamous ; perianth 

 dioecious, rarely bisexual or polygamous ; 

 perianth usually present : 



Filaments not inflexed in bud nor with reversed 

 anthers ; sap watery ; ovule pendulous : 

 Trees with simple, alternate leaves ; fruit 

 dry and winged or drupaceous 



CXXXVI. ULMACEAE. 



Herbs or shrubs with palmate, compound, 

 opposite leaves, or only the uppermost 

 sometimes 1 -foliate and alternate; fruit 

 a small achene 



CXXXVII. CANNABINACEAE. 

 Filaments inflexed in bud with reversed 

 anthers : 



Styles or style-branches 2 ; or if style single 

 and undivided, then large trees with a milky 

 sap or flowers with a single stamen ; ovules 

 pendulous ; leaves alternate, rarely opposite 

 and then the flowers aggregated on the inner 

 walls of a closed receptacle ; herbs, shrubs 

 and trees, usually with milky sap 



CXXXVIII. MORACEAE. 

 Style single, undivided ; stamens 3-5 ; ovule 

 basal, erect ; leaves alternate or opposite ; 

 herbs, shrubs or trees with watery sap, 

 sometimes beset with stinging hairs 



CXXXIX. URTICACEAE. 



