riOLACEAE, 47 



7. Crataeva, Linn. 



Small or medium- si /ed spreading trees. Leaves digitately 

 trifoliolate. Flowers large, polygamous. Se2)als 4, adnate to 

 the lobed disk. Petals 4, long-clawed, open in bud. Stamens 

 very numerous, inserted at the base of the gynophore. Ovary on 

 a slender gynophore, l-(2-)celled ; stigma sessile ; ovules many, 

 on 2 parietal placentas. Berry fleshy with a hard rough rind ; 

 sometimes divided by a longitudinal septum. Seeds imbedded in 

 the pulp. 



CRATAEVA RELIGIOSA, Forst. ; F. B. I. i. 172 ; Bedd. Fl. t. 116. 

 C. Roxburghii, Br. ; W. & A. 23. C. Nurvala, Ham. ; W. & A. 

 23. 



A small or medium- sized tree with broad terminal corymbs of 

 white flowers, which turn yellow soon after opening ; filaments 

 purple. Berry 1-2 in. thick, globose or ovate. 

 Found here and there occasionally in almost all Districts, 

 often planted, frequent along river banks. 



Wood yellowish white, even-grained but not durable. Vern. 

 Tarn. Marvilinga ; Tel. Uskiaman, Voolemara ; Kan. Nirvala ; 

 Mai. Nir mathalam. 



Family XII. RESEDACEAE. 



RESEDA LUTEOLA, L., has occurred as a casual weed about 

 Ootacamund in the Nilgiris. 



Family XIII. YIOLACEAE. 



Herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate or very rarely oppo- 

 site, entire crenate serrate or pinnatisect, stipulate. Flowers 

 regular or irregular. Sepals 5, equal or unequal, imbricate or 

 contorted in bud. Stamens 5, free or monadelphous ; anthers 

 erect, connective produced beyond the cells. Ovary sessile, 

 1-celled ; style simple ; stigma terminal or lateral, capitate, trun- 

 cate or cupular, entire or lobed ; ovules many, on 3 parietal 

 placentas, anatropous. Fruit a 3-valved capsule, rarely a berry. 

 Seeds small ; albumen fleshy ; embryo axile ; cotyledons flat. 



Herbs, sometimes a little woody at the base ; flowers irregular : 



Petals about equal in height ; sepals produced below their insertion ; 

 peduncles more than 1 in. long 1. Viola, 



