Hydnocarpua.j BIX ACE AE. 51 



large brown pear-shaped striate leathery capsule, containing 

 numerous seeds surrounded by pale brown cottony hairs. 

 Dry forests, especially on stony hills, in all Districts, but 

 less common on the W. Coast, conspicuous when in flower 

 in the hot season before the leaves appear. 

 Wood fibrous, quite valueless ; cotton of the seeds but 

 little used. Vern. Hind. Galgal ; Ur. Kontopalas ; Tel. 

 Kandugogu; Tarn.. Tanaku, Kongillam ; Mai. Appa kudakka ; 

 Kan. Baruga. 



2. Bixa, Linn. 



A shrub or small tree. Leaves simple ; stipules minute. 

 Flowers in terminal panicles, bisexual. Sepals 5, imbricate, 

 deciduous. Petals 5, contorted in bud. Anthers opening by 2 

 terminal pores. Ovary 1-celled ; style slender, curved ; ovules 

 numerous, on 2 parietal placentas. Capsule loculicidally 2-valved. 

 Seeds many, testa red and pulpy ; albumen fleshy ; embryo large ; 

 cotyledons flat. 



BIXA ORELLANA, Linn. ; F. B. I. i. 190 ; W. & A. 31 ; Wt. 111. i. 

 17 ; Bedd. Fl. t. 79. 



A small evergreen tree with large cordate-acuminate leaves. 

 Flowers large, white or purplish, few together in terminal 

 panicles. Capsules reddish brown, softly bristly. 

 Cultivated and found run wild especially in Western 

 Districts. The Arnotto. Vern. Hind. Latkan; Tel. Jafra. 



3. Hydnocarpus, Gaertn. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, entire or serrate ; transverse 

 nervules and reticulation conspicuous. Flowers solitary, fascicled, 

 racemose or cymose, dioecious. Sepals 5, imbricate. Petals 5, 

 provided at the base inside with a scale often as long as themselves, 

 cf Stamens 5-15 ; anthers reniform or ovate-cordate with a broad 

 connective. Ovary rudimentary or 0. ? Stamens similar but with- 

 out pollen, or rudimentary. Ovary 1-celled ; stigmas 3-6, sessile 

 or nearly so, spreading, dilated, lobed ; ovules many, on 3-6 

 parietal placentas. Berry globose, many-seeded ; rind hard. Seeds 

 1, 2 or few, imbedded in pulp ; testa bony ; albumen oily ; coty- 

 ledons broad, flat. 



Leaves more or less serrate, nervules parallel ; petals glabrous, greenish 

 white; scale as long as petals, linear, ciliate 1. Wiyhtiana. 



