232 FLORA OF MADRAS, 



5. Cissua, Linn, (modified), 



Shrubs^ erect or climbing, with tendrils opposite to the leaves, 

 occasionally absent in erect species. Leaves simple or lobed, 

 rarely trifoliolate; Flowers hermaphrodite, tetramerous, in 

 umbellately divided cymes opposite to the leaves, the branches 

 ending in nmbellules. Calyx cupshaped, entire or obscurely lobed. 

 Petals 4, triangular-ovate, induplicate-valvate, at first connivent 

 in a calyptrate corolla, afterwards separating. Stamens 4 ; fila- 

 ments slender; anthers usually oblong. Disk small, 4-lobed, 

 adnate to the base of the ovary. Ovary 2-celled, with 2 ovules in 

 each cell ; style subulate ; stigma small. Fruit usually 1-seeded, 

 occasionally with 2 or more, a fleshy berry. Seeds ellipsoid or 

 pyriforni, with an encircling raphe, smooth or facetted or pitted 

 on either side, the testa crustaceous with two interior ridges at 

 the base ; albumen with 3 vertical lobes ; cotyledons reniform, 

 sometimes 3 ; radicle rather large. 



Seeds smooth except for encircling raphe : 



Seeds ellipsoid, pale 5 berry globose, red j stems 4-winged, fleshy, 

 contracted at the nodes ; leaves broadly reniform, entire or lobed 



1. quadrangularis. 



Seeds more or less pyriform ; stems not winged : 

 Leaves usually trifoliolate, rarely only lobed or entire, leaflets 

 lanceolate, the side ones very unequal- sided ; berry black ; slender 



climbers 2. trilobata . 



Leaves ovate acuminate, deeply cordate at base, green when dry, 

 membranous ; berry black ; slender trailers with glaucous-white 



stems 3 . repens. 



Leaves more or less orbicular, cordate at base : 



Erect glabrous shrubs with grey bark and glaucous branchlets, 

 rarely with tendrils ; leaves large, cordate, with shallow in- 

 curved serratures ; fruiting pedicels thick ; berry top globose ; 



seeds smooth , 4. pallida. 



Climbing shrubs with tendrils : 



Glabrous, the stems pale, smooth, leathery, branchlets 

 glaucous ; leaves thick and leathery, poplar-like, cordate, 

 obscurely crenate-serrate, pale when dry ; fruiting pedicels 

 clavate ; berry-top globose, seeds smooth on the face 



5. Heyneana. 



Tomentose, the stems soft, wrinkled, branchlets terete, soft, 

 subglaucous j leaves shallowly cordate, repand-crenate, dark 



