250 FLORA OF MADRAS. [Sapindus. 



Leaflets 2-3 pairs, oblong, emarginate at apex, dull above, softly 

 pubescent beneath and on nerves above ; petals glabrous on the inner 

 surface except for 1-2 tufts of white hair above the claw ; fruit of 3 

 drupes, combined about half-way up, and then separating, smooth 

 and slightly pubescent when young, later glabrous and wrinkled 



2. emarginatus. 



1. SAPINDUS LAURIFOLIUS, Yahl ; W. & A. 111. S. trifoliatiis, 

 Hiern in F. B. I. i. 682 in part, not o/Linn. 



W. Ghats, from S. Canara and Mysore to the Anamalais 



and Hills of Madura, in evergreen and open forests at low 



elevations. 



A stout shady tree. The fruit is used, like that of the 



next, for soap. Vern. Mai. Pasakotta. 



2. SAPINDUS EMARGINATUS, Yahl ; W. & A. Ill ; Bedd. Fl. t. 

 151. 8. trifoliatm, Hiern in F. B. I. i. 682 in part, not of 

 Linn. 



N. Circars, Deccan and Carnatic, extending to the E. slopes 

 of the Nilgiris and Pulneys and the Hills of Tinnevelly, in 

 deciduous and dry evergreen forests, frequent on the coast 

 as at Striharikota in Nellore ; frequently planted. The 

 Soapnut. 



A common tree, often of large size, chiefly known for its 

 fruits, which are in universal use as a substitute for soap. 

 Bark grey with rough scales. Wood yellow, hard, but 

 little used. Vern. Hind. Bitha ; Ur. Makta maya ; Tel. 

 Konkudu ; Tarn. Pounanga ; Kan. Aratala. 



8. Thraulococcus, Radlk. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves large, alternate, paripinnate or reduced 

 to 1 leaflet ; leaflets lanceolate, opposite or subopposite. Flowers 

 polygamous, in terminal panicles. Sepals 5, unequal, concave, 

 imbricate, pubescent. Petals 5, obovate, shortly clawed, furnished 

 with a shaggy scale above the claw. Disk annular. Stamens 8, 

 inserted within the disk ; filaments pilose ; anthers oblong. 

 Ovary 2-3-celled ; style short ; stigma 3-lobed ; ovules solitary. 

 Fruit of 1-3 ellipsoidal drupes only slightly connected at the 

 base; pericarp crustaceous, yellow, finely tomentose. Seed 

 oblong, covered with a white fleshy aril ; testa thin ; cotyledons 

 thick, fleshy, unequal, transverse ; radicle inferior, pointed. 



