268 FLORA OF MADRAS. [Holigarna. 



Tomentum of inflorescence pale golden-brown; leaves obtusely 

 acute at apex, up to 10 in. long, oblanceolate, main nerves 16-20 



pairs; drupe ellipsoid 1. Arnottiana. 



Tomentum of inflorescence dark purple-brown ; leaves obtuse or 

 emarginate at apex : 



Petals of Q flowers very short, rounded ; leaves obovate, up to 

 7 in. long, 3 in. broad, olive-brown when dry, main nerves about 



Impairs; drupe obo void 2. ferruginea. 



Petals of flowers nearly '2 in. long, acute ; leaves spathulate., 

 up to 5 in. long, T5-2 in. broad, usually nearly black when dry, 



main nerves 6-9 pairs 3. nigra. 



Leaves pubescent beneath, oblanceolate, suddenly broadened above the 

 middle, usually long acuminate, petiole-spurs persistent; hypocarp 

 enclosing about two-thirds or three-fourths of drupe : 



Leaves up to 18 in. long, 8 in. broad, midrib on upper surface 

 glabrous or only puberulous even when young; petiole-spurs 



short, golden-tomentose 4. Gra hamii . 



Leaves up to about 15 in. long, 5 in. broad, midrib on upper surface 

 ciliate with long hairs as are margins, at any rate when young ; 

 petiole-spurs slender, long-villous-pubescent 5. Beddomei. 



1. HOLIGARNA ARNOTTIANA, Hook, f.; F. B. I. ii. 36. H. 

 longifolia, W. & A. 169 ; Bedd. Fl. t. 107 not of Roxb. 



W. Coast and W. Ghats, from S. Canara to Malabar and 

 Travancore in low-level forests. 



A large tree with black caustic juice which raises blisters 

 and can be used as a varnish. Bark rough ; wood greyish- 

 white, soft and useless. Yern. Kan. Holigar ; Tarn. Kanm 

 charei ; Mai. Chera. 



2. HOLIGARNA FERRUGINEA, March.; F. B. I. ii. 37. 



W. Ghats, in S. Canara (Beddome), Coorg, Anamalnis 



(Barber). 



A large tree of evergreen forests. Yern. Tarn. Charei. 



3. HOLIGARNA NIGRA, Bourd. in Ind. For. xxx. 95. 



W. Ghats, evergreen forests of Travancore,, at 2000-4000 ft. 

 A large tree reaching 100 ft. in height and 2 ft. in diam. 

 of stem. Bark smooth, grey; wood greyish- white, soft 

 and useless. The juice is black and caustic, and can be 

 used as a varnish. Yern. Mai. Cheri. 



4. HOLIGARNA GRAHAMII, Hook, f.; F. B. I. ii. 37. Seme- 

 carpus Grahamii, Wt. Ic. t. 235. 



