CABISSA.] APOCYNACE^E. 3i 



Anthers included, corolla-lobes overlapping 

 to the right. 

 Leaves whorled, mouth of corolla with a 



ring of scales . . . . . 9. NERIUM. 

 Leaves opposite, mouth of corolla with- 

 out scales. 

 Flowers i in. long, in lax terminal or 



pseudo-axillary cymes . . . 10. TRACHELOSPEBMUM. 

 Flowers in. long, in compact 3-choio- 

 mous cymes forming elongated 

 leafy piniclea . . . .11. ICHNOCARPUS. 



1. CARISSA, Linn. ; PI. Brit. Ind. iii, 620. 



Spinous densely branching shrubs, usually erect. Leaves opposite, 

 small, coriaceous. Flowers nearly sessile, white often tinged with 

 pink, arranged in lax terminal umbel-like or corymbose 3-chotomous 

 cymes. Calyx 5-part, rarely glandular within, lobes acute. Corolla 

 salver-shaped ; tube cylindric, dilated round the anthers, throat 

 without scales, lobes overlapping to the right (in the Indian species). 

 Stamens attached to the top of the corolla- tube, included ; anthers 

 oblong, acute, the cells with obtuse bases. Disk 0. Ovary entire, 

 2-celled ; style filiform, stigma fusiform or columnar, minutely 2- 

 fid. ; ovules 1-4 in each cell, rarely more. Berry ellipsoid or 

 globose. Seeds usually 2, peltately attached to the septum, albumen 

 horny or fleshy, cotyledons ovate, radicle inferior. Species 2, in Trop. 

 Asia, Africa and Australia. 



1. C. Carandas, Linn. Mantiss. 52 ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i, 687; Royle III. 

 270 ; Brandts For. Fl. 320 ; F. B. I. in, 630 ; Watt E. D. ; Kanjildl For> 

 Fl. Sch. Circ. 232; Gamble Man. Ind. Timb. 479; Oollett Fl. Siml. 311. 

 Train Beng. PI. 668; Cooke Fl. Bomb, n, /24.-Vern. Karaunda. 



A large erect evergreen shrub or small tree, glabrous except the 

 inflorescence. Bark yellowish-brown, scaly. Branch'ets usually alter- 

 nate, armed at their base with a pair of stout glabrous spreading 

 spines 1-1| in. long, the branches generally unarmed. Leaves shortly 

 petioled, l|-3 in. long by 1-2 in wide, elliptic or obovate, obtuse or 

 shortly mucronate, cuneate at the ba.se, coriaceous dark green and 

 shining above. Flowers white or pinkish, faintly scented, arranged in 

 terminal sessile or peduncled pubescent corymbose cymes ; pedils 

 short: bracts linear, pubescent. Calyx pubescent, divided more than 

 way down int > lanceolate ciliate segments. Corolla-tube about in. 

 long, dilated upwards ; lobes lanceolate, acute, about half as long as 

 the tube, pubescent and ciliolate. Ovary glabrous, cells 4-ovuled. 

 Berry 4- or Bre-seeded, |-1 in. long, ellipsoid, smooth, purplish when 

 ripe, 



