CLEBODENDKON.] VERBENACE^S. 227 



tinged with pink ; tube in. long, slender; lobes f- in. long, oblong, 

 obtuse. Filaments glabrous. Drupe seated on the enlarged pink calyx, 

 in., in diam., subglobose, black when ripe. 



Abundant througlfl&ut the Sub-Himalayan tracts from the Jumna east- 

 wards, also in Merwara and Bundelkhand ; often aa an undergrowth in 

 sal forests, and in open places near villages. Flowers Dec.- April. 

 DISTUIB. Outer Himalayan ranges from Garhwal eastwards, and 

 from Bengal southwards to Ceylon, and from Burma, to the Malay 

 Peninsula and Islands. The plant is said to be useful in the reclama- 

 tion of land. The leaves, juice and bark are used in native medicine. 

 Edgeworth mentions that the stems are used in the Umballa district for 

 producing fire by friction. 



4. C, Siphonanthus, . Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, iv, 65 ; Royle III. 

 299 ; Brand. For. Fl. 364 ; Ind. Trees 50S ; F. B. I. iv, 595 ; Watt E. D. ; 

 Kanjilal For. Fl. 267 ; Gamble Man. Ind. Timb. 543; Prain Beng. PI. 836; 

 Cooke Fl. Bomb, ii, 433. C. verticillatum, Don Prod. 102. Siphonanthus 

 indica, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. Hi, 67. Vern. Barangi, chingdri (Dehra 

 Dun). 



A glabrous shrub, 4-8 ft. high ; branches virgate. Leaves subsessile, 

 about 6 in. long, narrowly lanceolate, shortly acuminate, tapering to 

 the base, entire or sinuate. Flowers white, in a large terminal lax 

 panicle of cymes ; bracts about \ in. long, linear or linear- lanceolate, 

 pedicels ^-1| in. long. Calyx \ in. long, 5-partite ; segments oblong, 

 acute. Corolla white, glabrous ; tube 3-4 in. long, curved ; lobes f in. 

 long, ob ovate -oblong. Drupes bluish-green, seated on the enlarged 

 persistent red calyx. 



Common in open grassy places in Dehra Dun and eastwards in the Sub- 

 Himalayan tracts of Rohilkhand and N. Oudh. Flowers in the hot 

 season and sometimes again in Oct. DISTRIB. Himalaya up to 4,000 

 ft. in Kumaon and eastward to Bengal, Sikkim and Assam, also in 

 Burma the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra ; extensively cultivated in 

 l3oth hemispheres. At once recognized by its oleander-like leaves, the 

 very long corolla tube and by its bluish-green drapes supported by the 

 red persistent calyx. The root and the juice of this plant are used 

 medicinally. 



10, HOLMSKIOLDIA, Retz. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. iv, 596. 



Straggling or climbing shrubs. Leaves opposite. Flowers in 

 short cymes, axillary or collected towards the ends of the branches, 

 bracts small, bracteoles none. Calyx widely obconic, subtruncate, 

 membranous, red. Corolla cylindric, curved, limb oblique ; lobes 5, 

 short. Stamens didynamous ; anthers ovate, exserted, cells parallel. 

 Ovary obtuse or obscurely depressed, becoming ultimately 4-celled ; 

 ovules 1 in. each cell, laterally attached, style terminal, stigma shortly 



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