84 EUPHORBIACEM. [BiscnoFiA. 



Petals and disk none. MALE -flowers. Sepals 5, concave, obtuse, 

 imbricate, concealing the anthers. Stamens 5, filaments short, 

 anthers large, cells parallel. Fistillode short, broad. FEMALE- 

 flowers. Sepals 5, ovate, caducous. Staminodes small or none. Ovary 

 exserted, 3-4-celled ; styles dong, stout, entire, stigmatic on the 

 inner face, ovules 2 in each cell. Fruit a globose fleshy berry 

 with 3-4 cells, lined with a parchment-like 2-valved endocarp. 

 Seeds turgidly oblong, testa crustaceous, albumen fleshy ; coty- 

 ledons broad, flat ; radicle straight, elongate. A single species, 

 confined to India and China and to the Malay and Pacific Islands. 



B. javanica, Blume Bijdr. 1168 ; Brandis For. Fl. 446 ; Ind. 

 Trees 558 ; F. B. I. v, 345 ; Watt E. D.; Kanjilal For. FL 

 (ed. 2) 351 ; Gamble Man. 607 ; Prain Beng. PL 926 ; Cooke Fl 

 Bomb, ii, 571. Andrachne trifoliata, Eoxb. Fl. Ind. in, 728 ; Boyle 

 III. 327. Vern. Kain, kein (Hind.), panidla (Dehra Dun), irum 

 (Oudh). 



A large very handsome quick-growing deciduous tree ; trunk erect, 

 30-40 ft. high and often of considerable girth ; bark rough, dark- 

 grey ; branches spreading, forming a large shady oval head. Leaves 

 alternate ; common petiole 3-6 in. long, terete ; leaflets 3-6 in. long, 

 elliptic, acuminate, crenate, glabrous ; main lateral nerves 6-8 pairs r 

 stalks of the lateral leaflets f-f in., that of the terminal leaf up to 1J 

 in. long, channelled ; stipules and stipels caducous. Flowers greenish" 

 yellow, arranged in slender axillary and lateral peduncled racemes. 

 MALE -/towers on very short slender pedicels. Sepals -^ in. long, An- 

 thers f globular. Fern. -powers on pedicels longer and stouter than 

 those'' of the male and elongating in fruit. Sepals -fa in. long, not 

 persistent. Styles nearly J in., linear. Fruit J-J in. in diam., red- 

 dish-brown when ripe. Seeds J in. long, brown, shining. 



Moist shady ravines and in swampy places in Dehra Dun arid east- 

 wards along the Sub-Himalayan tracts, common in the forests of 

 Gonda and Gorakhpur. The new leaves appear in February and 

 March, and they turn red before falling. It flowers during April 

 and May. DISTRIB. : Outer ranges of Himalaya from Kumaon 

 eastwards ; also in Assam, Burma, Bengal, W. Ghats and south - 

 wards to the Niligris, but not in Ceylon ; found also in the Malay and 

 Pacific Islands. The reddish close-grained wood is much valued for 

 its durability under water and is largely used in the making of bridges 

 and in some parts of India for boat-building. 



