CLEISTANTHUS.] EUPHORBIACE&. 87 



8-15 pairs, slightly arched ; petioles -yYrl in. long, stipules deciduous. 

 Flowers monoecious, small, greenish-yellow, shortly pedicelled and 

 arranged in dense axillary clusters ; bracts many, very short, ciliate. 

 Calyx -J J- in. in diam. ; lobes triangular-ovate, not enlarging in fruit. 

 Petals broadly ovate, entire. Fruit -J in. long, ovoid-oblong or fusi- 

 form. 



Dehra Dun and in the ravines of the Siwalik range ; forests of N. Oudh. 

 Flowers in April and May. DISTRIB. : Along the base of the W- 

 Himalaya from the Jholum to Kumaon, ascending to 4,000 ft. ; also 

 in Bengal the Khasia Hills and in Upper Burma. The foliage is lopped 

 for cattle-fodder. 



3. B. stipularis Blume Bijdr. 597 ; Brandis For. Fl. 449 ; Ind. 

 Trees 560 ; F. B. I. v. 270 ; Watt E. D.; < amble Man. 596 ; train 

 Beng. PI. 928; Cooke Fl. Bomb, ii, 573. B. scandens, Willd. ; 

 Eoxb. Fl. Ind. Hi, 736. Vern. Madlatah, undergupa (Oudh). 



A large more or less scandent evergreen shrub with dark-grey or brown - 

 ish bark. Stem 2-8 in. in diam. ; branches often with long deflexed 

 spines, the young shoots pubescent or fulvous-tomentose. Leaves 

 subcoriaceous, 2-6 in. long, elliptic-oblong or obovate, obtuse or 

 subacute, rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous or puberulous 

 above, fulvous-tomentose beneath, margins sometimes undulate or 

 repand ; main lateral nerves 8-12 pairs, slightly arching, the trans- 

 verse veins parallel and at right angles, petioles f in. long. Flowers 

 monoecious, greenish-yellow, in small dense axillary clusters or long 

 spikes which are often subtended by hairy obliquely ovate-lanceolate 

 acute stipule-like bracts J in. long ; male-flowers sessile ; females 

 pedicelled, pubescent or glabrate. Calyx J in. in diam., distinctly 

 enlarging in fruit ; lobes connate below, lanceolate-acuminate. Petals 

 fo in. long, suborbicular, shortly cuneate at the base, crenulate to- 

 wards the apex. Drupe nearly |- in. long, oblong, obtuse, smooth,, 

 bluish-black and juicy when ripe. 



Sub-Himalayan tract, abundant in the sal forests of Oudh and Gorakh- 

 pur. DISTRIB. : Throughout the hotter parts of India and in Ceylon, 

 extending to Burma and to the Malay Peninsula and Islands. The 

 earliest name of this plant under Bridelia is B. scandens, Willd. See 

 Cooke Fl. Bomb. 1. c. 



4. CLEISTANTHUS. Hook, f; Fl. Brit. Ind. v, 274. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, bifarious, entire. Flowers 

 monoecious, small or minute, in axillary clusters or spikes, all sessile 



