.FLUGGEA.] EUPHORBIACEM. 91 



pairs, prominent beneath, transverse veins distinct ; petioles stout, 

 i"n> m -5 stipulea triangular, cuspidate. Flowers small, greenish-yellow, 

 arranged in axillary clusters, the male and female usually in the 

 same cluster. MALE-flowers stalked. Sepals J in. long, ovate, sub- 

 acute, keeled and pubescent on the back. Staminal-column T ^ in. ; 

 anthers 3, connate below, connectives acute. FEM. -flowers sessile 

 or nearly so, pubescent. Sepals as in male. Ovary 4-7-celled, tomen- 

 tose ; style longer than the ovary, enlarged at the truncate 4-7-toothed 

 apex. Capsule J-J in. in diam., orbicular-depressed, 4-7-lobed. 

 Seeds bright-red, often persistent on the tree. 



Common in the forests of Dehra Dun and Saharanpur (Kanjilal), and 

 eastwards along the Sub-Himalayan tracts. Flowers from February 

 to April. DISTRIB. : Hot valleys of the Outer Himalaya from 

 Kashmir eastward to Sikkim, ascending to 4,000 ft. ; also Assam, 

 Khasia Hills and Burma, and from Central India and the Deccan to- 

 the Nilgiris. The bark is used for tanning. 



6. FLUGGEA, Willd.; Fl. Brit. Ind. v, 328. 



Unarmed or spinescent shrubs. Leaves small, alternate, disti- 

 chous, entire. Flowers minute, dioecious, axillary, pedicelled, 

 apetalous ; males numerous, clustered ; females few, in lax fascicles, 

 perianth simple, 5-cleit. MALE-flowers : Sepals 5, subpetaloid, 

 imbricate. Petals none. Stamens 5, rarely i or 3, alternating 

 with as many disk-glands, filaments free, anthers erect ; cells 

 parallel, bursting longitudinally. Pistillode 2-3-fid. FEMALE -flowers : 

 Sepals as in male. Petals none. Disk flat, annular, toothed . 

 Ovary 1-3-celled ; styles 3, recurved, usually 2-fid., ovules 2 

 in each cell. Fruit globose, coriaceous, or with a fleshy epicarp, 

 bursting irregularly or into distinct 2-valved cocci. Seeds trique- 

 trous, with convex backs and acute faces, testa - crustaceous, 

 albumen scanty, embryo curved ; cotyledons flat, broad. Species 

 6, in the tropics of the Old World. 



Unarmed ; leaves 1-3 in. long . . 1. F. micrbcarpa. 



Spinous ; leaves rarely exceeding 1 in. long . 2. F. Leucopyrus. 



1. F. microcarpa, Blume Bijdr. 580 ; F. B. 1. v, 328 ; Kanjilal 

 For. Fl (ed. 2), 349 ; Gamble Man. 603 ; Collett FL Siml. 451 ; Prain 

 Beng. PL 931 ; Cooke Fl. Bomb, n, 581 ; Brandis Ind. Trees 569. 

 Securinega obovata, Muell. Arg.; Brandis For. FL 455. Phyllanthus 

 virosus, Willd.; Roxb. FL Ind. in, 659 ; Eoyle 111. 328 (Fluggea). 



