92 EUPEOEE1ACEM. [ FLUGGEA. 



P. retusus, Roxb. I. c. 657 ; Royle 111. 327 (Fluggea). Vern. Dalme 

 <Hind.), rithoul (Dehra Dun). 



A large unarmed glabrous shrub or small tree ; bark smooth, thin, rusty 

 or reddish-brown, marked with small lenticular specks ; branchlets 

 slender, angular, compressed. Leaves very variable, shortly petioled, 

 thin, glabrous, 1-3 in. long, elliptic or obovate, rounded at the apex, 

 rarely retuse or subacute, base usually acute ; main lateral nerves 

 5-7 pairs, very slender ; under-surface glaucous and with loose reti- 

 culate venation ; petioles slender, -|-J in. Flowers very* small, 

 arranged in axillary clusters from a crowd of minute bracts; the males 

 very many ; the females 1-5, rarely more. MALE -flowers on filiform 

 pedicels. Sepals spreading, -^ in. long, obovate-oblong, obtuse, 

 concave. Stamens usually 5, exserted ; filaments opposite the sepals, 

 slender. Pistillode large, 3-fid. FEM. -flowers. Pedicels shorter 

 than those of males. Sepals as in males. Ovary glabrous, styles 

 deeply bifid. Berry globose, of two sizes, mostly minute and with 

 a dry pericarp, a few J in. in diam. and white with a fleshy pericarp. 

 Seeds 3-6, minutely punctate. 



Dehra Dun, in scrub forest (Kanjilal), and eastwards along the Sub- 

 Himalayan tracts of Rohilkhand, N. Oudh and Gorakhpur ; also in 

 Bundelkhand and Merwara. Flowers in April and May. DISTRIB. : 

 Hilly parts of the Punjab westwards to the Suliman range ; Himalaya 

 from Kashmir to Bhutan up to 5,000 ft., also in Bengal and in Central 

 W. and S. India, extending to Ceylon, Burma, Malaya, China, 

 Australia and Trop. Africa. The hard close-grained reddish wood 

 is used for agricultural implements, and the bark is said to be used 

 for intoxicating fish. 



2. F, Leucopyrus, Willd. Sp. PL iv, 757 ; F. B. I. v, 328 ; 

 Gamble Man. 603 ; Brandis Ind. Trees 569 ; Cooke II. Bomb, ii, 

 581. Securinega Leucopyrus, Muell. Arg.; Brand. For. Fl. 456, t. 54 

 (in part). Phyllanthus Leucopyrus, Koen. Mss.; Roxb. FL Ind. Hi, 

 658. Vern. Hartho, ainta (Brandis), salipan or halepan (Merwara). 



A large gla'brous bush with rigid straggling branches ; branchlets slender, 

 angular, ending in sharp spines. Leaves f-1 in. long, rarely longer, 

 obovate obcordate or rotundate, glaucous and with indistinct reti- 

 culate venation beneath. Flowers as in F. microcarpa. Berry 3- 

 celled, globose, about J in. in diam., smooth, white when ripe ; styles 



3, bifid. Seeds 2 in each cell. 



In the Sub-Himalayan tracts of Kheri (N. Oudh) and Gorakhpur. 

 Flowers May and June. DISTRIB. : Outer ranges of the Kumaon 



